Load Specifications
Load data in caliber 7.62 x 53 R Fin. with .310 | 175gr | Rhino Penetrator bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR and ReloadSwiss RS 52.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
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You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 27"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,661 psi | 88% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,821 psi | 90% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,588 psi | 88% | 2638 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,936 psi | 87% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,472 psi | 87% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,889 psi | 79% | 2677 fps | 98% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,399 psi | 86% | 2661 fps | 99.3% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,501 psi | 88% | 2657 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,894 psi | 90% | 2667 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,488 psi | 89% | 2651 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,921 psi | 86% | 2713 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,792 psi | 90% | 2812 fps | 99.2% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,544 psi | 86% | 2680 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 82% | 49,559 psi | 88% | 2585 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,443 psi | 87% | 2700 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,179 psi | 80% | 2687 fps | 98.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,602 psi | 86% | 2782 fps | 99.7% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,039 psi | 90% | 2723 fps | 98.9% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,501 psi | 86% | 2690 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,198 psi | 89% | 2612 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,400 psi | 87% | 2694 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,879 psi | 90% | 2779 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,385 psi | 86% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,936 psi | 87% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,038 psi | 88% | 2697 fps | 98.3% |
| Hodgdon H414ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,617 psi | 86% | 2726 fps | 95.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,762 psi | 86% | 2671 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 41,133 psi | 73% | 2572 fps | 98.5% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,343 psi | 89% | 2746 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,505 psi | 61% | 1621 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,212 psi | 89% | 2677 fps | 99.7% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,068 psi | 90% | 2707 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,892 psi | 86% | 2641 fps | 99% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,676 psi | 88% | 2618 fps | 95.9% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,227 psi | 89% | 2549 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 42,830 psi | 76% | 2625 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,633 psi | 90% | 2730 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,894 psi | 90% | 2667 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,836 psi | 90% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,299 psi | 89% | 2687 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,936 psi | 87% | 2595 fps | 99.3% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,385 psi | 86% | 2641 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex S065ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,415 psi | 89% | 2674 fps | 97.5% |
| Lovex S070ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,674 psi | 84% | 2651 fps | 95.8% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,560 psi | 89% | 2661 fps | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,662 psi | 90% | 2667 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,617 psi | 86% | 2687 fps | 99.4% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,947 psi | 79% | 2671 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,515 psi | 86% | 2707 fps | 99.2% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,469 psi | 79% | 2661 fps | 95.7% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,095 psi | 85% | 2625 fps | 97.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,502 psi | 89% | 2700 fps | 99.5% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,037 psi | 87% | 2621 fps | 99.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,998 psi | 62% | 1660 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,879 psi | 90% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,836 psi | 90% | 2680 fps | 96.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,559 psi | 86% | 2753 fps | 99.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,457 psi | 86% | 2785 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,788 psi | 79% | 2697 fps | 97.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,166 psi | 82% | 2717 fps | 97.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,805 psi | 86% | 2605 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,821 psi | 90% | 2657 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,109 psi | 85% | 2677 fps | 99.6% |
| Shooters World Long Rifleᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,415 psi | 89% | 2674 fps | 97.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,299 psi | 89% | 2687 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,385 psi | 86% | 2641 fps | 99.8% |
| Shooters World SW4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,674 psi | 84% | 2651 fps | 95.8% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,386 psi | 89% | 2621 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,864 psi | 88% | 2736 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,401 psi | 89% | 2605 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,385 psi | 87% | 2654 fps | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,908 psi | 88% | 2680 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,429 psi | 87% | 2566 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,037 psi | 87% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,705 psi | 90% | 2628 fps | 96.1% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,472 psi | 86% | 2651 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,747 psi | 86% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,747 psi | 86% | 2648 fps | 99.2% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,052 psi | 87% | 2680 fps | 99.6% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 40,074 psi | 71% | 2625 fps | 99.5% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,458 psi | 87% | 2536 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,414 psi | 87% | 2552 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,647 psi | 88% | 2628 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,153 psi | 85% | 2605 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 98% | 50,285 psi | 89% | 2661 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,572 psi | 84% | 2674 fps | 98.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,167 psi | 85% | 2618 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,443 psi | 87% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,586 psi | 82% | 2680 fps | 97.9% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,762 psi | 86% | 2661 fps | 99.6% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,386 psi | 89% | 2710 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,617 psi | 86% | 2726 fps | 95.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,400 psi | 87% | 2690 fps | 99.7% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 27"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,234 psi | 73% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,527 psi | 79% | 2549 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,518 psi | 59% | 2372 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,784 psi | 70% | 2507 fps | 99.8% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,705 psi | 56% | 2356 fps | 99.3% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 34,040 psi | 60% | 2467 fps | 95% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,681 psi | 67% | 2461 fps | 97.4% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 34,229 psi | 61% | 2369 fps | 95.5% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,682 psi | 70% | 2474 fps | 98.8% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,653 psi | 68% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,861 psi | 81% | 2661 fps | 99.4% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 43.9 gr | 82% | 36,260 psi | 64% | 2523 fps | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,212 psi | 55% | 2343 fps | 96.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,485 psi | 82% | 2543 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,663 psi | 60% | 2395 fps | 95.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 92% | 35,360 psi | 63% | 2480 fps | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 84% | 30,792 psi | 54% | 2395 fps | 95.1% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,622 psi | 65% | 2457 fps | 95.8% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,458 psi | 54% | 2339 fps | 96.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,814 psi | 74% | 2470 fps | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,652 psi | 67% | 2490 fps | 99% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,278 psi | 73% | 2612 fps | 97.8% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,353 psi | 80% | 2575 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,035 psi | 81% | 2598 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 86% | 38,537 psi | 68% | 2493 fps | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 45,716 psi | 81% | 2677 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,971 psi | 67% | 2474 fps | 98% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 90% | 30,356 psi | 54% | 2333 fps | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,939 psi | 60% | 2438 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,817 psi | 46% | 1450 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,637 psi | 65% | 2431 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,927 psi | 65% | 2480 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,634 psi | 59% | 2349 fps | 95.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 46,746 psi | 83% | 2569 fps | 95.2% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,369 psi | 84% | 2510 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 94% | 35,563 psi | 63% | 2480 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,418 psi | 61% | 2425 fps | 96.6% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,682 psi | 70% | 2474 fps | 98.8% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,266 psi | 78% | 2552 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,868 psi | 63% | 2441 fps | 99.3% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,479 psi | 68% | 2408 fps | 97.5% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,344 psi | 59% | 2359 fps | 97.5% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 41,901 psi | 74% | 2530 fps | 95.6% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 44,730 psi | 79% | 2602 fps | 95.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,927 psi | 65% | 2421 fps | 98.4% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,130 psi | 66% | 2438 fps | 99.8% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,054 psi | 58% | 2385 fps | 96% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 92% | 35,128 psi | 62% | 2474 fps | 95% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,474 psi | 57% | 2388 fps | 95.4% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 98% | 41,843 psi | 74% | 2612 fps | 95% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,697 psi | 70% | 2474 fps | 95.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,682 psi | 68% | 2493 fps | 97.6% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,975 psi | 76% | 2520 fps | 98.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,875 psi | 46% | 1483 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,556 psi | 79% | 2556 fps | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 44,701 psi | 79% | 2579 fps | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | 41.5 gr | 80% | 34,534 psi | 61% | 2480 fps | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 42.2 gr | 80% | 28,863 psi | 51% | 2352 fps | 97% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 94% | 36,535 psi | 65% | 2533 fps | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 40,277 psi | 71% | 2602 fps | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,756 psi | 72% | 2470 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,288 psi | 62% | 2379 fps | 97.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 28,645 psi | 51% | 2283 fps | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 41,901 psi | 74% | 2530 fps | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,868 psi | 63% | 2441 fps | 99.3% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,344 psi | 59% | 2359 fps | 97.5% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 44,730 psi | 79% | 2602 fps | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,978 psi | 83% | 2569 fps | 99.5% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 82% | 31,952 psi | 56% | 2382 fps | 95.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,181 psi | 83% | 2559 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,420 psi | 66% | 2438 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,216 psi | 64% | 2431 fps | 96.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,624 psi | 68% | 2388 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,691 psi | 56% | 2264 fps | 99.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,384 psi | 84% | 2579 fps | 95.4% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,540 psi | 75% | 2552 fps | 99.4% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,116 psi | 67% | 2392 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,275 psi | 66% | 2444 fps | 97.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 29,704 psi | 53% | 2293 fps | 95.3% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 88% | 27,557 psi | 49% | 2320 fps | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,845 psi | 78% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,725 psi | 68% | 2388 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,011 psi | 60% | 2369 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,027 psi | 62% | 2375 fps | 99.7% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 28,224 psi | 50% | 2241 fps | 96.3% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 92% | 36,941 psi | 65% | 2477 fps | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,697 psi | 70% | 2474 fps | 98.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,649 psi | 59% | 2365 fps | 99.2% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 92% | 35,998 psi | 64% | 2480 fps | 95.1% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 86% | 30,908 psi | 55% | 2306 fps | 95.3% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,464 psi | 68% | 2510 fps | 99.3% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 98% | 45,716 psi | 81% | 2677 fps | 95.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,331 psi | 62% | 2434 fps | 97.4% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 93 powders for 7.62 x 53 R Fin. loaded with the .310 | 175gr | Rhino Penetrator. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,812 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,621 fps to 2,812 fps. Accurate 4350 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 93 of the 93 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (390 MPa), the top charges use 61–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 175.0 gr projectile in 0.31" calls for a 1:12.0 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Hodgdon H414 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 52 rank at the top here: for 7.62 x 53 R Fin. with the .310 | 175gr | Rhino Penetrator they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.