Load Specifications
Load data in caliber 7.5 x 55 Swiss with .308 | 168gr | Berger VLD Hunting bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 and Alliant Reloder-17.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
A valid access license is required to use the Personalized Load Calculator.
You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 31"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,501 psi | 90% | 2690 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,021 psi | 85% | 2710 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,849 psi | 89% | 2772 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,195 psi | 86% | 2690 fps | 95.8% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,920 psi | 85% | 2756 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,675 psi | 88% | 2867 fps | 99.4% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,544 psi | 88% | 2789 fps | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,356 psi | 90% | 2785 fps | 99.6% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,732 psi | 87% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,587 psi | 86% | 2720 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,181 psi | 86% | 2890 fps | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,660 psi | 88% | 2805 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,516 psi | 90% | 2828 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,196 psi | 87% | 2881 fps | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,747 psi | 88% | 2920 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,069 psi | 62% | 2621 fps | 98% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 37,463 psi | 68% | 2759 fps | 96.9% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,703 psi | 87% | 2795 fps | 99.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,892 psi | 89% | 2822 fps | 100% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,705 psi | 90% | 2782 fps | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,719 psi | 90% | 2726 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,429 psi | 90% | 2818 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 82% | 47,703 psi | 87% | 2858 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,920 psi | 85% | 2776 fps | 98.8% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,849 psi | 89% | 2867 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,936 psi | 89% | 2799 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,193 psi | 80% | 2756 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,413 psi | 86% | 2828 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 96% | 46,383 psi | 84% | 2838 fps | 96.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,998 psi | 64% | 1706 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,007 psi | 85% | 2749 fps | 99.9% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,066 psi | 87% | 2779 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,950 psi | 89% | 2766 fps | 99.7% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,414 psi | 90% | 2743 fps | 97.1% |
| IMR 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,603 psi | 90% | 2805 fps | 96.8% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,718 psi | 88% | 2769 fps | 97% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,485 psi | 84% | 2815 fps | 99.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,471 psi | 86% | 2808 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,732 psi | 87% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,181 psi | 86% | 2759 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,646 psi | 88% | 2717 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,544 psi | 88% | 2766 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 47,529 psi | 86% | 2759 fps | 98.1% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,950 psi | 87% | 2789 fps | 97.3% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,456 psi | 86% | 2736 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,587 psi | 86% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,689 psi | 88% | 2815 fps | 99.8% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,631 psi | 88% | 2867 fps | 99.3% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,675 psi | 88% | 2838 fps | 99.8% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,863 psi | 87% | 2861 fps | 98% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,921 psi | 87% | 2753 fps | 98.3% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 84% | 46,963 psi | 85% | 2769 fps | 99.7% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,660 psi | 88% | 2743 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,259 psi | 64% | 1745 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 47,587 psi | 86% | 2759 fps | 97.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,834 psi | 89% | 2884 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,660 psi | 88% | 2920 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,602 psi | 88% | 2897 fps | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,356 psi | 90% | 2920 fps | 99% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,675 psi | 88% | 2720 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,964 psi | 87% | 2736 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,486 psi | 88% | 2805 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,705 psi | 90% | 2782 fps | 96.7% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 47,529 psi | 86% | 2759 fps | 98.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,181 psi | 86% | 2759 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,544 psi | 88% | 2766 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,950 psi | 87% | 2789 fps | 97.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 92% | 47,036 psi | 85% | 2818 fps | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,240 psi | 89% | 2782 fps | 98.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,850 psi | 90% | 2808 fps | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,211 psi | 89% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,950 psi | 89% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 47,485 psi | 86% | 2707 fps | 96.8% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,269 psi | 88% | 2769 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,573 psi | 88% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,675 psi | 88% | 2772 fps | 99.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,371 psi | 90% | 2808 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 43,381 psi | 79% | 2818 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 82% | 49,182 psi | 89% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,313 psi | 89% | 2664 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,050 psi | 85% | 2700 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,037 psi | 87% | 2717 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 47,340 psi | 86% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,892 psi | 87% | 2808 fps | 99.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,964 psi | 87% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,400 psi | 90% | 2762 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,949 psi | 85% | 2815 fps | 98.9% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 36,158 psi | 66% | 2694 fps | 97.9% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,675 psi | 88% | 2789 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,282 psi | 86% | 2785 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,095 psi | 89% | 2874 fps | 97.5% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 30,429 psi | 55% | 2602 fps | 97.3% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,313 psi | 89% | 2812 fps | 100% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 31"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,772 psi | 79% | 2605 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,260 psi | 66% | 2533 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,699 psi | 77% | 2674 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 86% | 44,251 psi | 80% | 2641 fps | 95% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,272 psi | 62% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 30,110 psi | 55% | 2497 fps | 95.1% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,103 psi | 73% | 2635 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,272 psi | 62% | 2493 fps | 96.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,148 psi | 76% | 2644 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,481 psi | 75% | 2628 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 45 gr | 80% | 36,245 psi | 66% | 2661 fps | 97.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,373 psi | 61% | 2510 fps | 98.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,984 psi | 65% | 2572 fps | 97.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 86% | 31,546 psi | 57% | 2513 fps | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 44.3 gr | 80% | 28,906 psi | 52% | 2474 fps | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 94% | 28,514 psi | 52% | 2464 fps | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 98% | 35,027 psi | 64% | 2700 fps | 95.9% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,001 psi | 71% | 2635 fps | 97.9% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,779 psi | 59% | 2513 fps | 98.3% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,874 psi | 80% | 2680 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,208 psi | 80% | 2635 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,553 psi | 74% | 2667 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,295 psi | 80% | 2799 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,750 psi | 61% | 2513 fps | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 92% | 40,335 psi | 73% | 2710 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,408 psi | 73% | 2648 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 27,021 psi | 49% | 2362 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,303 psi | 66% | 2618 fps | 99% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 94% | 43,439 psi | 79% | 2782 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,918 psi | 47% | 1522 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,972 psi | 71% | 2602 fps | 99% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,639 psi | 72% | 2641 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,911 psi | 65% | 2523 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 40,959 psi | 74% | 2589 fps | 95.1% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 43,845 psi | 80% | 2707 fps | 95.4% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 40,669 psi | 74% | 2618 fps | 95% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 88% | 31,502 psi | 57% | 2510 fps | 95.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,796 psi | 67% | 2602 fps | 98.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,148 psi | 76% | 2644 fps | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,696 psi | 70% | 2615 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,770 psi | 74% | 2575 fps | 98.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,708 psi | 65% | 2530 fps | 99% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,172 psi | 64% | 2516 fps | 95% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 92% | 39,900 psi | 72% | 2638 fps | 95.3% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,378 psi | 71% | 2589 fps | 99.5% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,407 psi | 72% | 2598 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,346 psi | 64% | 2562 fps | 98% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 86% | 31,154 psi | 57% | 2503 fps | 95.1% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,853 psi | 63% | 2572 fps | 97.7% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 92% | 36,970 psi | 67% | 2641 fps | 95.1% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,018 psi | 76% | 2644 fps | 97.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,220 psi | 75% | 2667 fps | 99.1% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,440 psi | 82% | 2687 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,237 psi | 48% | 1562 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 84% | 39,218 psi | 71% | 2602 fps | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,188 psi | 67% | 2667 fps | 98% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 44.3 gr | 80% | 30,792 psi | 56% | 2543 fps | 99.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 88% | 32,285 psi | 59% | 2566 fps | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 90% | 35,433 psi | 64% | 2631 fps | 95.4% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,236 psi | 78% | 2631 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,507 psi | 68% | 2543 fps | 99.3% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,719 psi | 56% | 2454 fps | 97.4% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,874 psi | 80% | 2680 fps | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,172 psi | 64% | 2516 fps | 95% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,696 psi | 70% | 2615 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,708 psi | 65% | 2530 fps | 99% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 39,900 psi | 72% | 2638 fps | 95.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,952 psi | 58% | 2507 fps | 96.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,132 psi | 73% | 2618 fps | 97.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,682 psi | 70% | 2605 fps | 98.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,901 psi | 74% | 2543 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,750 psi | 61% | 2418 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 41,539 psi | 75% | 2605 fps | 95.5% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,208 psi | 82% | 2720 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,466 psi | 73% | 2549 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,726 psi | 72% | 2615 fps | 98.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,894 psi | 58% | 2467 fps | 97.5% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 82% | 24,511 psi | 44% | 2346 fps | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,340 psi | 84% | 2602 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,060 psi | 75% | 2536 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,477 psi | 66% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,188 psi | 67% | 2533 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,124 psi | 55% | 2402 fps | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 86% | 32,648 psi | 59% | 2503 fps | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,192 psi | 77% | 2641 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,810 psi | 65% | 2526 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 86% | 31,937 psi | 58% | 2510 fps | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 94% | 29,979 psi | 54% | 2536 fps | 95.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 27,108 psi | 49% | 2326 fps | 95.3% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,249 psi | 75% | 2684 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 92% | 40,335 psi | 73% | 2710 fps | 95.3% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 98% | 28,558 psi | 52% | 2539 fps | 96.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,840 psi | 69% | 2608 fps | 99% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 111 powders for 7.5 x 55 Swiss loaded with the .308 | 168gr | Berger VLD Hunting. Alliant Reloder-17 delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,920 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,706 fps to 2,920 fps. Accurate 3100 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 111 of the 111 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (380 MPa), the top charges use 52–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 168.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:12.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 3100, Accurate 4350, ADI AR 2209 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17 rank at the top here: for 7.5 x 55 Swiss with the .308 | 168gr | Berger VLD Hunting they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. As outliers, Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 burn incompletely and react more sensitively to barrel length and temperature. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.