Load Specifications
Load data in caliber 7.5 x 54 mm MAS with .308 | 220gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 and Alliant Reloder-17.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
A valid access license is required to use the Personalized Load Calculator.
You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 23"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 82% | 47,674 psi | 87% | 2136 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,051 psi | 87% | 2188 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,240 psi | 88% | 2228 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,240 psi | 88% | 2228 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,979 psi | 89% | 2185 fps | 95.8% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,196 psi | 87% | 2228 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,688 psi | 85% | 2280 fps | 99% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,443 psi | 90% | 2251 fps | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 90% | 47,413 psi | 86% | 2208 fps | 99.3% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,704 psi | 88% | 2211 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,689 psi | 88% | 2192 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,240 psi | 88% | 2336 fps | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,821 psi | 90% | 2267 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,485 psi | 86% | 2241 fps | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,965 psi | 89% | 2329 fps | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,734 psi | 90% | 2362 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,722 psi | 63% | 2113 fps | 97.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 38,145 psi | 69% | 2231 fps | 96.5% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,718 psi | 88% | 2260 fps | 99.2% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,746 psi | 85% | 2238 fps | 99.9% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 94% | 47,790 psi | 87% | 2208 fps | 96% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 82% | 47,848 psi | 87% | 2159 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,152 psi | 86% | 2231 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,704 psi | 88% | 2310 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,747 psi | 88% | 2198 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 90% | 47,834 psi | 87% | 2244 fps | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,066 psi | 87% | 2297 fps | 96.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 84% | 46,833 psi | 85% | 2215 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,049 psi | 82% | 2231 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,385 psi | 88% | 2283 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,302 psi | 64% | 1358 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,079 psi | 85% | 2205 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,196 psi | 87% | 2231 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,153 psi | 89% | 2224 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,965 psi | 89% | 2198 fps | 96.8% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,529 psi | 86% | 2231 fps | 95.9% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,414 psi | 90% | 2234 fps | 96.8% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 42,308 psi | 77% | 2201 fps | 98.3% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,631 psi | 88% | 2267 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,704 psi | 88% | 2211 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,573 psi | 88% | 2234 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,763 psi | 90% | 2195 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,574 psi | 90% | 2234 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,617 psi | 88% | 2231 fps | 98.1% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,878 psi | 89% | 2254 fps | 97.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,472 psi | 88% | 2208 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,776 psi | 89% | 2211 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,777 psi | 90% | 2274 fps | 99.8% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,574 psi | 90% | 2316 fps | 99.2% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,777 psi | 90% | 2297 fps | 99.8% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,530 psi | 88% | 2313 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,718 psi | 88% | 2221 fps | 98.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,182 psi | 87% | 2241 fps | 99.7% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 82% | 49,632 psi | 90% | 2215 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,433 psi | 64% | 1388 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 48,602 psi | 88% | 2231 fps | 97.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 86% | 46,760 psi | 85% | 2287 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,777 psi | 90% | 2365 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,516 psi | 90% | 2346 fps | 99.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,862 psi | 85% | 2316 fps | 98.3% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,806 psi | 90% | 2195 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,892 psi | 89% | 2205 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,777 psi | 90% | 2270 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 94% | 47,790 psi | 87% | 2208 fps | 96% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,617 psi | 88% | 2231 fps | 98.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 48,573 psi | 88% | 2234 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,574 psi | 90% | 2234 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,878 psi | 89% | 2254 fps | 97.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 92% | 48,182 psi | 87% | 2280 fps | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 46,818 psi | 85% | 2201 fps | 98.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,688 psi | 87% | 2224 fps | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,253 psi | 86% | 2123 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,934 psi | 85% | 2126 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,530 psi | 88% | 2192 fps | 96.7% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 49,385 psi | 90% | 2238 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,574 psi | 90% | 2162 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,748 psi | 90% | 2244 fps | 99.7% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 92% | 47,543 psi | 86% | 2231 fps | 99.8% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,092 psi | 80% | 2277 fps | 100% |
| Unknown powder | <<locked>> | 96% | 47,732 psi | 87% | 2280 fps | 98.5% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 84% | 47,442 psi | 86% | 2113 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 88% | 48,298 psi | 88% | 2182 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 88% | 49,197 psi | 89% | 2195 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,544 psi | 88% | 2215 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 48,965 psi | 89% | 2274 fps | 99% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 84% | 48,892 psi | 89% | 2208 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,181 psi | 86% | 2192 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,805 psi | 87% | 2277 fps | 98.8% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 37,086 psi | 67% | 2175 fps | 97.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,545 psi | 90% | 2260 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 82% | 48,805 psi | 89% | 2254 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,066 psi | 87% | 2297 fps | 96.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 30,908 psi | 56% | 2096 fps | 96.8% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 23"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,643 psi | 81% | 2096 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,275 psi | 68% | 2037 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,322 psi | 77% | 2146 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,322 psi | 77% | 2146 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 90% | 45,977 psi | 83% | 2142 fps | 95.1% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,273 psi | 64% | 2034 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 88% | 33,199 psi | 60% | 2057 fps | 95.8% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,162 psi | 75% | 2126 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,925 psi | 63% | 2001 fps | 96.8% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,221 psi | 78% | 2133 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,714 psi | 78% | 2119 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 37.6 gr | 80% | 37,115 psi | 67% | 2142 fps | 97.2% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,316 psi | 62% | 2021 fps | 98.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,014 psi | 67% | 2073 fps | 97.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 86% | 32,169 psi | 58% | 2024 fps | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 37 gr | 80% | 29,573 psi | 54% | 1991 fps | 95.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 94% | 29,051 psi | 53% | 1985 fps | 95.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 98% | 35,534 psi | 64% | 2178 fps | 95.4% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,784 psi | 72% | 2123 fps | 97.7% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,547 psi | 61% | 2021 fps | 98.2% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 92% | 44,846 psi | 81% | 2165 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,976 psi | 82% | 2119 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,510 psi | 75% | 2149 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,295 psi | 82% | 2260 fps | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,614 psi | 83% | 2159 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,577 psi | 63% | 2021 fps | 95.5% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 90% | 42,308 psi | 77% | 2208 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,524 psi | 75% | 2136 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 27,601 psi | 50% | 1900 fps | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,027 psi | 64% | 2067 fps | 98.5% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,208 psi | 48% | 1211 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,883 psi | 67% | 2044 fps | 98.4% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,463 psi | 68% | 2077 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,316 psi | 62% | 1985 fps | 96.9% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 43,526 psi | 79% | 2116 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 44,614 psi | 81% | 2185 fps | 95.2% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 43,990 psi | 80% | 2152 fps | 95.6% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 90% | 31,140 psi | 56% | 1998 fps | 95% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,884 psi | 69% | 2096 fps | 98.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,221 psi | 78% | 2133 fps | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,581 psi | 72% | 2106 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,524 psi | 75% | 2073 fps | 98.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,492 psi | 66% | 2034 fps | 99% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 88% | 38,072 psi | 69% | 2064 fps | 95.6% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 92% | 40,727 psi | 74% | 2129 fps | 95.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,292 psi | 73% | 2087 fps | 99.5% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,437 psi | 73% | 2093 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,390 psi | 66% | 2064 fps | 98% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 88% | 34,026 psi | 62% | 2060 fps | 95.8% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,679 psi | 65% | 2073 fps | 97.6% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 94% | 40,263 psi | 73% | 2178 fps | 95.7% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,801 psi | 78% | 2133 fps | 97.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,206 psi | 77% | 2152 fps | 99% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,340 psi | 84% | 2169 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,426 psi | 48% | 1240 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 84% | 40,001 psi | 73% | 2096 fps | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,174 psi | 69% | 2149 fps | 97.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 37 gr | 80% | 31,473 psi | 57% | 2044 fps | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 88% | 33,083 psi | 60% | 2067 fps | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 90% | 36,187 psi | 66% | 2126 fps | 95.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,193 psi | 80% | 2119 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,363 psi | 70% | 2047 fps | 99.2% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,749 psi | 58% | 1978 fps | 97.4% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 92% | 44,846 psi | 81% | 2165 fps | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 38,072 psi | 69% | 2064 fps | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,581 psi | 72% | 2106 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,492 psi | 66% | 2034 fps | 99% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 40,727 psi | 74% | 2129 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,692 psi | 59% | 2018 fps | 96.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,886 psi | 74% | 2110 fps | 97.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,494 psi | 72% | 2096 fps | 98.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,713 psi | 76% | 2044 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,432 psi | 62% | 1942 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 42,453 psi | 77% | 2103 fps | 95.3% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,093 psi | 84% | 2192 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,379 psi | 75% | 2051 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,538 psi | 74% | 2110 fps | 98.7% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,735 psi | 59% | 1985 fps | 97.4% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 82% | 25,251 psi | 46% | 1890 fps | 95.5% |
| Unknown powder | <<locked>> | 86% | 34,809 psi | 63% | 2060 fps | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,916 psi | 76% | 2041 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,420 psi | 68% | 2031 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,276 psi | 69% | 2044 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,082 psi | 56% | 1936 fps | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 86% | 33,373 psi | 61% | 2018 fps | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,917 psi | 78% | 2123 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,622 psi | 66% | 2034 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 88% | 34,722 psi | 63% | 2060 fps | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 94% | 30,734 psi | 56% | 2047 fps | 95.5% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 27,615 psi | 50% | 1870 fps | 95% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,382 psi | 82% | 2208 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 90% | 42,308 psi | 77% | 2208 fps | 95.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 98% | 29,066 psi | 53% | 2044 fps | 95.6% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 108 powders for 7.5 x 54 mm MAS loaded with the .308 | 220gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting. ReloadSwiss RS 60 delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,365 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,358 fps to 2,365 fps. Accurate 3100 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 108 of the 108 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (380 MPa), the top charges use 53–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 220.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:11.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-16 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17 rank at the top here: for 7.5 x 54 mm MAS with the .308 | 220gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. As outliers, Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 burn incompletely and react more sensitively to barrel length and temperature. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.