Load Specifications
Load data in caliber 7 mm Exp. Rem. with .284 | 168gr | Peregrine Glider GRM bullet and 94 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-16 and ReloadSwiss RS 70.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
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You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 22"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,098 psi | 89% | 2461 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,561 psi | 88% | 2470 fps | 97.1% |
| Accurate 3100ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 43,047 psi | 73% | 2431 fps | 97.1% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,460 psi | 89% | 2510 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,475 psi | 89% | 2592 fps | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,069 psi | 90% | 2539 fps | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,966 psi | 87% | 2497 fps | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2209ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,010 psi | 87% | 2575 fps | 96.1% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2493 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 82% | 53,127 psi | 90% | 2467 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,533 psi | 89% | 2644 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,734 psi | 86% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,416 psi | 88% | 2536 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 96% | 50,749 psi | 86% | 2602 fps | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,271 psi | 87% | 2625 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-19ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,038 psi | 85% | 2562 fps | 96% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 40,988 psi | 70% | 2457 fps | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,151 psi | 79% | 2615 fps | 99.1% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,634 psi | 90% | 2552 fps | 99.8% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,053 psi | 87% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,430 psi | 88% | 2503 fps | 97.3% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,082 psi | 87% | 2516 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,069 psi | 89% | 2539 fps | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,793 psi | 88% | 2589 fps | 98.1% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,518 psi | 89% | 2556 fps | 96.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,270 psi | 86% | 2500 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 98% | 50,285 psi | 86% | 2533 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,574 psi | 84% | 2530 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,909 psi | 88% | 2621 fps | 97.7% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,665 psi | 61% | 1552 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,285 psi | 87% | 2500 fps | 100% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,241 psi | 86% | 2484 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,299 psi | 86% | 2477 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,140 psi | 85% | 2461 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,663 psi | 88% | 2530 fps | 97.4% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,111 psi | 85% | 2487 fps | 97.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,792 psi | 85% | 2539 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,750 psi | 90% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2493 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,504 psi | 89% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,707 psi | 90% | 2474 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,125 psi | 85% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,649 psi | 90% | 2530 fps | 99% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,270 psi | 86% | 2513 fps | 97.9% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,706 psi | 88% | 2487 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,286 psi | 89% | 2487 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,676 psi | 86% | 2523 fps | 100% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2572 fps | 96.2% |
| Norma MRPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,876 psi | 78% | 2572 fps | 96.7% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,851 psi | 88% | 2585 fps | 99.7% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,821 psi | 87% | 2543 fps | 99.9% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 96% | 50,415 psi | 86% | 2575 fps | 98.5% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,141 psi | 89% | 2513 fps | 99.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,880 psi | 88% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 36,085 psi | 61% | 1588 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,359 psi | 89% | 2526 fps | 98.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,561 psi | 88% | 2589 fps | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,169 psi | 87% | 2625 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,402 psi | 89% | 2615 fps | 99.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,721 psi | 88% | 2638 fps | 99.5% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,634 psi | 90% | 2467 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2484 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,271 psi | 87% | 2523 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 905ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,660 psi | 83% | 2546 fps | 95.9% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,430 psi | 88% | 2503 fps | 97.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,649 psi | 90% | 2530 fps | 99% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,504 psi | 89% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,125 psi | 85% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,270 psi | 86% | 2513 fps | 97.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,968 psi | 90% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,285 psi | 86% | 2487 fps | 99.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,343 psi | 87% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,084 psi | 90% | 2431 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,357 psi | 86% | 2395 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,649 psi | 90% | 2487 fps | 98% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,605 psi | 90% | 2431 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,285 psi | 86% | 2484 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,605 psi | 88% | 2520 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,763 psi | 85% | 2585 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S385ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,298 psi | 84% | 2526 fps | 96.9% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,401 psi | 86% | 2379 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,330 psi | 89% | 2457 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,837 psi | 90% | 2470 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,750 psi | 90% | 2500 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,720 psi | 86% | 2533 fps | 99.5% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,185 psi | 89% | 2490 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,024 psi | 87% | 2467 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,055 psi | 90% | 2582 fps | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,295 psi | 77% | 2526 fps | 99.4% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,531 psi | 86% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,475 psi | 89% | 2536 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,170 psi | 89% | 2595 fps | 98.1% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 36,608 psi | 62% | 2470 fps | 99.6% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,126 psi | 87% | 2516 fps | 100% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 22"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,946 psi | 73% | 2333 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 82% | 45,324 psi | 77% | 2372 fps | 95.7% |
| Accurate 3100 | <<locked>> | 96% | 37,347 psi | 64% | 2326 fps | 95.4% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,698 psi | 69% | 2333 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 82% | 32,068 psi | 55% | 2224 fps | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,644 psi | 79% | 2441 fps | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,813 psi | 68% | 2310 fps | 98.4% |
| ADI AR 2209 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,718 psi | 81% | 2520 fps | 95.2% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,791 psi | 83% | 2444 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,530 psi | 84% | 2425 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,757 psi | 73% | 2480 fps | 99% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,479 psi | 67% | 2326 fps | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,250 psi | 72% | 2385 fps | 98.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | 39.3 gr | 82% | 32,430 psi | 55% | 2241 fps | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,895 psi | 58% | 2303 fps | 98% |
| Alliant Reloder-19 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,876 psi | 80% | 2510 fps | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 88% | 28,036 psi | 48% | 2156 fps | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 92% | 34,461 psi | 59% | 2372 fps | 95.6% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,006 psi | 78% | 2451 fps | 99.1% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,928 psi | 66% | 2326 fps | 99.4% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 42,569 psi | 72% | 2359 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,877 psi | 82% | 2470 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,914 psi | 68% | 2336 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,726 psi | 68% | 2382 fps | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 88% | 46,137 psi | 79% | 2454 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2451 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 80% | 27,833 psi | 47% | 2100 fps | 95.5% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,410 psi | 74% | 2431 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 88% | 42,018 psi | 72% | 2451 fps | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,571 psi | 45% | 1385 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,295 psi | 77% | 2408 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,195 psi | 80% | 2441 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,785 psi | 71% | 2339 fps | 98.9% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,135 psi | 75% | 2359 fps | 96.3% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 42,873 psi | 73% | 2385 fps | 95.3% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 84% | 41,655 psi | 71% | 2339 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 82% | 31,169 psi | 53% | 2188 fps | 95.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,308 psi | 74% | 2411 fps | 99.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,791 psi | 83% | 2444 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,919 psi | 78% | 2421 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,398 psi | 79% | 2382 fps | 99.7% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,437 psi | 71% | 2336 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 82% | 36,201 psi | 62% | 2241 fps | 95.4% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,015 psi | 66% | 2316 fps | 95.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,658 psi | 78% | 2395 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,151 psi | 79% | 2402 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,611 psi | 71% | 2372 fps | 99.2% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 94% | 48,675 psi | 83% | 2520 fps | 95.4% |
| Norma MRP | <<locked>> | 98% | 42,888 psi | 73% | 2513 fps | 95.8% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 82% | 32,648 psi | 56% | 2231 fps | 95.5% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,437 psi | 71% | 2392 fps | 99.1% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 88% | 38,812 psi | 66% | 2372 fps | 95.8% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,689 psi | 83% | 2461 fps | 98.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,356 psi | 82% | 2474 fps | 99.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,789 psi | 46% | 1414 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,234 psi | 68% | 2323 fps | 95.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,991 psi | 77% | 2484 fps | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 41.3 gr | 80% | 36,158 psi | 62% | 2362 fps | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 84% | 34,330 psi | 58% | 2297 fps | 95.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | 45.1 gr | 86% | 36,550 psi | 62% | 2356 fps | 96% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,313 psi | 84% | 2421 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,337 psi | 74% | 2352 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,753 psi | 63% | 2280 fps | 98.8% |
| Rottweil R 905 | <<locked>> | 98% | 45,426 psi | 77% | 2490 fps | 95.1% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 86% | 42,569 psi | 72% | 2359 fps | 95.2% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 36,201 psi | 62% | 2241 fps | 95.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,919 psi | 78% | 2421 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,437 psi | 71% | 2336 fps | 99.8% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,015 psi | 66% | 2316 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,855 psi | 64% | 2326 fps | 98.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2438 fps | 98.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,179 psi | 77% | 2415 fps | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,065 psi | 80% | 2349 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,247 psi | 67% | 2228 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 40,640 psi | 69% | 2290 fps | 95.4% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,615 psi | 79% | 2349 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,818 psi | 80% | 2431 fps | 99.7% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,608 psi | 64% | 2287 fps | 98.8% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 80% | 27,180 psi | 46% | 2133 fps | 96.8% |
| Somchem S385 | <<locked>> | 96% | 43,134 psi | 73% | 2425 fps | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,529 psi | 81% | 2339 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,236 psi | 74% | 2333 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,685 psi | 74% | 2343 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,723 psi | 61% | 2228 fps | 99.3% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,792 psi | 54% | 2185 fps | 95.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,834 psi | 83% | 2441 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,076 psi | 72% | 2336 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 82% | 33,475 psi | 57% | 2234 fps | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 88% | 30,226 psi | 51% | 2221 fps | 95.4% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,473 psi | 54% | 2165 fps | 97.3% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,095 psi | 84% | 2490 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,726 psi | 68% | 2382 fps | 95.1% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 92% | 28,050 psi | 48% | 2228 fps | 95.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,904 psi | 76% | 2421 fps | 99.8% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 94 powders for 7 mm Exp. Rem. loaded with the .284 | 168gr | Peregrine Glider GRM. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,644 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,552 fps to 2,644 fps. Accurate 3100 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 94 of the 94 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (405 MPa), the top charges use 61–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 168.0 gr projectile in 0.284" calls for a 1:8.0 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-16, ReloadSwiss RS 70 rank at the top here: for 7 mm Exp. Rem. with the .284 | 168gr | Peregrine Glider GRM they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.