Load Specifications
Load data in caliber .308 Win. Ackley Improved with .308 | 180gr | Sierra Pro-Hunter bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 52 and ReloadSwiss RS 60.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
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You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,315 psi | 87% | 2507 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,244 psi | 90% | 2572 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,779 psi | 88% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,054 psi | 86% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,344 psi | 87% | 2598 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,527 psi | 74% | 2549 fps | 97.2% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,460 psi | 87% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,866 psi | 88% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,198 psi | 85% | 2582 fps | 99.3% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,286 psi | 87% | 2579 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,402 psi | 87% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,853 psi | 89% | 2589 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,490 psi | 89% | 2572 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,938 psi | 86% | 2638 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,737 psi | 89% | 2730 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,779 psi | 86% | 2595 fps | 99.6% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 98% | 54,433 psi | 90% | 2644 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,301 psi | 87% | 2510 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,243 psi | 87% | 2618 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,773 psi | 74% | 2556 fps | 97.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-17ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,459 psi | 85% | 2697 fps | 99.7% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,430 psi | 85% | 2457 fps | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 92% | 54,244 psi | 90% | 2644 fps | 98.9% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,242 psi | 85% | 2608 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,939 psi | 88% | 2533 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,649 psi | 87% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 88% | 54,273 psi | 90% | 2703 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,343 psi | 85% | 2549 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,156 psi | 87% | 2572 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,866 psi | 88% | 2618 fps | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,605 psi | 86% | 2592 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 40,944 psi | 68% | 2451 fps | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,476 psi | 89% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,621 psi | 58% | 1549 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,953 psi | 88% | 2595 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 92% | 54,186 psi | 90% | 2628 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,605 psi | 86% | 2562 fps | 99% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,489 psi | 87% | 2539 fps | 95.8% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,808 psi | 88% | 2474 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 42,482 psi | 71% | 2497 fps | 96.8% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,548 psi | 89% | 2648 fps | 99.5% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,853 psi | 89% | 2589 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,027 psi | 90% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 92% | 53,330 psi | 89% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,648 psi | 86% | 2520 fps | 99.3% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,418 psi | 90% | 2608 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex S065ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,024 psi | 83% | 2546 fps | 96.8% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 92% | 53,214 psi | 88% | 2582 fps | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 92% | 53,766 psi | 89% | 2592 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,401 psi | 85% | 2608 fps | 99.3% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,570 psi | 74% | 2543 fps | 97.1% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,300 psi | 85% | 2625 fps | 99.2% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 90% | 54,404 psi | 90% | 2602 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,447 psi | 89% | 2621 fps | 99.4% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,924 psi | 86% | 2546 fps | 99.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,867 psi | 58% | 1588 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 86% | 53,766 psi | 89% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,751 psi | 89% | 2602 fps | 96.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,503 psi | 86% | 2671 fps | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,459 psi | 85% | 2707 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,353 psi | 74% | 2566 fps | 96.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,672 psi | 76% | 2579 fps | 96.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 90% | 54,346 psi | 90% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,577 psi | 89% | 2579 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 54,331 psi | 90% | 2644 fps | 99.8% |
| Shooters World Long Rifleᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,024 psi | 83% | 2546 fps | 96.8% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 92% | 53,330 psi | 89% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,418 psi | 90% | 2608 fps | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,751 psi | 89% | 2552 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 82% | 53,055 psi | 88% | 2575 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 98% | 52,779 psi | 88% | 2654 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,214 psi | 88% | 2530 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,431 psi | 87% | 2579 fps | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,765 psi | 88% | 2602 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,518 psi | 87% | 2493 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,764 psi | 86% | 2487 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,793 psi | 86% | 2579 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 92% | 54,462 psi | 90% | 2530 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,721 psi | 86% | 2572 fps | 99.2% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,996 psi | 86% | 2602 fps | 99.6% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 39,769 psi | 66% | 2497 fps | 99% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,243 psi | 87% | 2464 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,431 psi | 87% | 2484 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,649 psi | 87% | 2552 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 94% | 54,186 psi | 90% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 53,229 psi | 88% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,282 psi | 79% | 2546 fps | 97.5% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,068 psi | 85% | 2543 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,069 psi | 87% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,079 psi | 77% | 2549 fps | 97.2% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,269 psi | 80% | 2536 fps | 99.2% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,635 psi | 89% | 2635 fps | 100% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,388 psi | 87% | 2612 fps | 99.6% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,930 psi | 68% | 2339 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,266 psi | 74% | 2431 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,315 psi | 55% | 2257 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,566 psi | 66% | 2388 fps | 99.5% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,488 psi | 52% | 2238 fps | 98.8% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 38,522 psi | 64% | 2444 fps | 95.7% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,443 psi | 82% | 2415 fps | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,835 psi | 83% | 2434 fps | 100% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,579 psi | 62% | 2343 fps | 96.7% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 36,143 psi | 60% | 2297 fps | 95.4% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,994 psi | 81% | 2516 fps | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,537 psi | 66% | 2359 fps | 98.3% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,319 psi | 64% | 2359 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,643 psi | 76% | 2536 fps | 99% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 43.3 gr | 84% | 38,609 psi | 64% | 2454 fps | 95.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,942 psi | 63% | 2356 fps | 97.4% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,053 psi | 52% | 2224 fps | 95.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,369 psi | 77% | 2428 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 82% | 35,824 psi | 60% | 2329 fps | 95.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 94% | 37,478 psi | 62% | 2408 fps | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 86% | 32,561 psi | 54% | 2323 fps | 95% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,080 psi | 80% | 2411 fps | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 82% | 38,943 psi | 65% | 2388 fps | 95.8% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,139 psi | 50% | 2218 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,655 psi | 69% | 2356 fps | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,434 psi | 62% | 2369 fps | 98.4% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,205 psi | 68% | 2487 fps | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,889 psi | 75% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,513 psi | 76% | 2474 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 88% | 40,814 psi | 68% | 2418 fps | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,797 psi | 63% | 2356 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 94% | 34,098 psi | 57% | 2310 fps | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,678 psi | 56% | 2316 fps | 96.5% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,599 psi | 43% | 1381 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,521 psi | 61% | 2313 fps | 96.9% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,680 psi | 61% | 2362 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 82% | 35,708 psi | 59% | 2283 fps | 95.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 49,240 psi | 82% | 2490 fps | 95.1% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,079 psi | 78% | 2398 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 96% | 37,420 psi | 62% | 2398 fps | 95.3% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,258 psi | 57% | 2306 fps | 95.7% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,537 psi | 66% | 2359 fps | 98.3% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,092 psi | 73% | 2434 fps | 99.6% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,839 psi | 60% | 2326 fps | 98.9% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,319 psi | 64% | 2293 fps | 96.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,112 psi | 55% | 2241 fps | 96.8% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 44,295 psi | 74% | 2454 fps | 95.5% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,709 psi | 61% | 2303 fps | 97.8% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,927 psi | 61% | 2323 fps | 99.5% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,924 psi | 55% | 2267 fps | 95.2% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 96% | 39,320 psi | 65% | 2444 fps | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 82% | 34,461 psi | 57% | 2320 fps | 95.3% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 42,148 psi | 70% | 2402 fps | 95.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,290 psi | 64% | 2369 fps | 96.8% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,815 psi | 71% | 2402 fps | 97.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,933 psi | 43% | 1417 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,237 psi | 73% | 2438 fps | 99.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 92% | 47,340 psi | 79% | 2503 fps | 95.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | 40.9 gr | 82% | 36,695 psi | 61% | 2408 fps | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 40.6 gr | 80% | 28,689 psi | 48% | 2228 fps | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 96% | 38,682 psi | 64% | 2457 fps | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 98% | 42,830 psi | 71% | 2526 fps | 95.2% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,712 psi | 68% | 2356 fps | 99.7% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,056 psi | 58% | 2260 fps | 97.3% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 82% | 30,269 psi | 50% | 2215 fps | 95% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 44,295 psi | 74% | 2454 fps | 95.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,839 psi | 60% | 2326 fps | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,112 psi | 55% | 2241 fps | 96.8% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,833 psi | 78% | 2451 fps | 99.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,443 psi | 82% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 84% | 33,678 psi | 56% | 2306 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,137 psi | 78% | 2444 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 39,798 psi | 66% | 2372 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,940 psi | 60% | 2310 fps | 96.1% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,609 psi | 64% | 2277 fps | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,618 psi | 53% | 2156 fps | 99.2% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,163 psi | 70% | 2428 fps | 99% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,913 psi | 63% | 2280 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,869 psi | 61% | 2323 fps | 96.3% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 82% | 31,560 psi | 52% | 2228 fps | 95.2% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 90% | 29,153 psi | 48% | 2247 fps | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,758 psi | 73% | 2346 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,667 psi | 64% | 2280 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,924 psi | 56% | 2257 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,882 psi | 58% | 2264 fps | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 28,094 psi | 47% | 2129 fps | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 94% | 39,059 psi | 65% | 2402 fps | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,363 psi | 65% | 2352 fps | 98.4% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,344 psi | 55% | 2247 fps | 98.8% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 96% | 40,422 psi | 67% | 2451 fps | 95.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 88% | 32,750 psi | 54% | 2238 fps | 95.2% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,232 psi | 64% | 2388 fps | 98.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,157 psi | 58% | 2313 fps | 96.6% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 93 powders for .308 Win. Ackley Improved loaded with the .308 | 180gr | Sierra Pro-Hunter. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,730 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,549 fps to 2,730 fps. Accurate 4350 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 93 of the 93 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (415 MPa), the top charges use 58–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 180.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:16.0 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Alliant Reloder-17 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 52, ReloadSwiss RS 60 rank at the top here: for .308 Win. Ackley Improved with the .308 | 180gr | Sierra Pro-Hunter they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.