Load Specifications
Load data in caliber .30-06 Spring. with .308 | 180gr | Woodleigh HS bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 and Alliant Reloder-17.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
A valid access license is required to use the Personalized Load Calculator.
You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,678 psi | 90% | 2536 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,647 psi | 86% | 2556 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,591 psi | 90% | 2615 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,430 psi | 86% | 2543 fps | 95.8% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,763 psi | 86% | 2598 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,922 psi | 85% | 2661 fps | 99% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,706 psi | 88% | 2625 fps | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,576 psi | 90% | 2625 fps | 99.6% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,836 psi | 87% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,198 psi | 87% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,981 psi | 87% | 2730 fps | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,446 psi | 89% | 2648 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,997 psi | 90% | 2664 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,837 psi | 88% | 2720 fps | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,765 psi | 90% | 2756 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 36,811 psi | 63% | 2467 fps | 97.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 40,741 psi | 69% | 2605 fps | 96.9% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,169 psi | 87% | 2635 fps | 99.2% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,881 psi | 90% | 2661 fps | 100% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,127 psi | 90% | 2625 fps | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,721 psi | 90% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,690 psi | 85% | 2605 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,445 psi | 88% | 2694 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,546 psi | 86% | 2621 fps | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 52,982 psi | 90% | 2710 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,170 psi | 89% | 2635 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,863 psi | 81% | 2602 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,242 psi | 87% | 2664 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 96% | 50,096 psi | 85% | 2684 fps | 96.2% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,186 psi | 60% | 1608 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,995 psi | 85% | 2589 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,822 psi | 88% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,040 psi | 89% | 2608 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,417 psi | 89% | 2589 fps | 97.1% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,951 psi | 85% | 2598 fps | 96.1% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,967 psi | 88% | 2608 fps | 96.9% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,502 psi | 86% | 2654 fps | 99.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,010 psi | 87% | 2644 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,836 psi | 87% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,894 psi | 87% | 2602 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,561 psi | 88% | 2559 fps | 99.7% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,996 psi | 89% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,184 psi | 87% | 2605 fps | 98.1% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,677 psi | 88% | 2631 fps | 97.3% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,647 psi | 86% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,865 psi | 87% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,170 psi | 89% | 2651 fps | 99.8% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,707 psi | 90% | 2703 fps | 99.3% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,402 psi | 89% | 2674 fps | 99.8% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,648 psi | 88% | 2697 fps | 98% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,937 psi | 87% | 2592 fps | 98.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,488 psi | 86% | 2612 fps | 99.7% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,517 psi | 88% | 2579 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,723 psi | 61% | 1647 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,981 psi | 87% | 2602 fps | 97.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,458 psi | 84% | 2671 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,475 psi | 89% | 2756 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,953 psi | 90% | 2733 fps | 99.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,719 psi | 85% | 2703 fps | 98.5% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,750 psi | 88% | 2566 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,140 psi | 87% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,446 psi | 89% | 2648 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,127 psi | 90% | 2625 fps | 96.7% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,184 psi | 87% | 2605 fps | 98.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,894 psi | 87% | 2602 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,996 psi | 89% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,677 psi | 88% | 2631 fps | 97.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,024 psi | 87% | 2661 fps | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,547 psi | 89% | 2621 fps | 98.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,980 psi | 85% | 2595 fps | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,127 psi | 89% | 2523 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,301 psi | 89% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,213 psi | 87% | 2556 fps | 96.8% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,634 psi | 88% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,634 psi | 88% | 2523 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,243 psi | 89% | 2615 fps | 99.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,098 psi | 90% | 2651 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,938 psi | 88% | 2490 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,315 psi | 89% | 2510 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,589 psi | 86% | 2549 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,517 psi | 88% | 2562 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,981 psi | 87% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,909 psi | 88% | 2651 fps | 99.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 84% | 51,169 psi | 87% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,953 psi | 90% | 2602 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,010 psi | 87% | 2657 fps | 98.9% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 39,740 psi | 68% | 2539 fps | 97.9% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 98% | 52,373 psi | 89% | 2635 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,865 psi | 87% | 2625 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,690 psi | 85% | 2657 fps | 96.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 32,895 psi | 56% | 2451 fps | 97.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,040 psi | 90% | 2651 fps | 100% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,557 psi | 79% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,044 psi | 66% | 2379 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,963 psi | 78% | 2520 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,427 psi | 81% | 2497 fps | 95.1% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,941 psi | 63% | 2372 fps | 99.9% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 88% | 35,317 psi | 60% | 2402 fps | 95.8% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,786 psi | 73% | 2477 fps | 98.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,419 psi | 62% | 2336 fps | 96.6% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,860 psi | 76% | 2487 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,904 psi | 76% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 46.9 gr | 80% | 38,812 psi | 66% | 2500 fps | 97.1% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,926 psi | 61% | 2359 fps | 98.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,580 psi | 66% | 2418 fps | 97.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 86% | 33,736 psi | 57% | 2362 fps | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 46.2 gr | 80% | 31,024 psi | 53% | 2323 fps | 95.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 94% | 30,734 psi | 52% | 2316 fps | 95.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 98% | 37,942 psi | 65% | 2543 fps | 95.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,756 psi | 71% | 2477 fps | 97.7% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,433 psi | 60% | 2362 fps | 98.1% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 92% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2530 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,601 psi | 79% | 2477 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,540 psi | 74% | 2507 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,921 psi | 82% | 2638 fps | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,419 psi | 62% | 2365 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,453 psi | 74% | 2552 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,163 psi | 73% | 2487 fps | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 28,964 psi | 49% | 2218 fps | 95% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,146 psi | 67% | 2461 fps | 98.9% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 94% | 46,688 psi | 79% | 2625 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,179 psi | 45% | 1434 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,568 psi | 71% | 2444 fps | 98.9% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,583 psi | 72% | 2484 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,218 psi | 65% | 2369 fps | 97.4% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 84% | 46,354 psi | 79% | 2490 fps | 95.8% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 46,891 psi | 80% | 2549 fps | 95.3% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 45,919 psi | 78% | 2510 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 88% | 34,287 psi | 58% | 2359 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,494 psi | 67% | 2444 fps | 98.2% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,860 psi | 76% | 2487 fps | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,611 psi | 71% | 2457 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,047 psi | 73% | 2421 fps | 98.8% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,101 psi | 65% | 2375 fps | 98.9% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 88% | 39,900 psi | 68% | 2411 fps | 95.6% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,033 psi | 73% | 2487 fps | 95.2% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,858 psi | 71% | 2434 fps | 99.4% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,206 psi | 72% | 2444 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,942 psi | 65% | 2405 fps | 97.8% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 88% | 35,810 psi | 61% | 2405 fps | 95.7% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,463 psi | 64% | 2418 fps | 97.5% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 92% | 40,001 psi | 68% | 2493 fps | 95% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,614 psi | 76% | 2487 fps | 97% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,106 psi | 75% | 2510 fps | 99% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,515 psi | 83% | 2533 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,527 psi | 45% | 1470 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 84% | 42,047 psi | 72% | 2451 fps | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,118 psi | 68% | 2507 fps | 97.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 46.2 gr | 80% | 32,996 psi | 56% | 2385 fps | 98.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 88% | 35,114 psi | 60% | 2415 fps | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 90% | 37,971 psi | 65% | 2474 fps | 95.2% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,905 psi | 78% | 2477 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,885 psi | 68% | 2392 fps | 99.1% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,286 psi | 57% | 2310 fps | 97.2% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 92% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2530 fps | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 39,900 psi | 68% | 2411 fps | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,611 psi | 71% | 2457 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,101 psi | 65% | 2375 fps | 98.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,033 psi | 73% | 2487 fps | 95.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,200 psi | 58% | 2352 fps | 96.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,917 psi | 73% | 2464 fps | 97.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,220 psi | 70% | 2448 fps | 98.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,366 psi | 74% | 2395 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,984 psi | 61% | 2270 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 44,947 psi | 77% | 2457 fps | 95.5% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,240 psi | 82% | 2559 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,859 psi | 73% | 2395 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,540 psi | 72% | 2461 fps | 98.7% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,171 psi | 58% | 2313 fps | 97.2% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 82% | 26,484 psi | 45% | 2205 fps | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,037 psi | 83% | 2451 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,627 psi | 74% | 2388 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,218 psi | 67% | 2379 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,885 psi | 68% | 2382 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,474 psi | 55% | 2257 fps | 98% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,114 psi | 60% | 2356 fps | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,933 psi | 76% | 2484 fps | 99.7% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,493 psi | 66% | 2375 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 88% | 36,883 psi | 63% | 2408 fps | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 94% | 32,779 psi | 56% | 2388 fps | 95.6% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 28,892 psi | 49% | 2182 fps | 95% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,440 psi | 76% | 2526 fps | 99.9% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 92% | 43,685 psi | 74% | 2556 fps | 95.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 98% | 30,922 psi | 53% | 2392 fps | 96% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,669 psi | 69% | 2451 fps | 98.9% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 109 powders for .30-06 Spring. loaded with the .308 | 180gr | Woodleigh HS. Alliant Reloder-17 delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,756 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,608 fps to 2,756 fps. Accurate 3100 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 109 of the 109 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (405 MPa), the top charges use 54–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 180.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:13.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-16 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17 rank at the top here: for .30-06 Spring. with the .308 | 180gr | Woodleigh HS they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. As outliers, Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 burn incompletely and react more sensitively to barrel length and temperature. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.