Load Specifications
Load data in caliber .30-06 Spring. with .308 | 170gr | Lapua Naturalis bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR and ReloadSwiss RS 52.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
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You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,676 psi | 86% | 2582 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,388 psi | 89% | 2648 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,981 psi | 87% | 2635 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,430 psi | 86% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,039 psi | 87% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,905 psi | 80% | 2680 fps | 97.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,040 psi | 90% | 2710 fps | 99.5% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,952 psi | 87% | 2661 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,634 psi | 90% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,156 psi | 89% | 2651 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,560 psi | 86% | 2720 fps | 99.6% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,576 psi | 90% | 2815 fps | 99.2% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,299 psi | 86% | 2680 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,676 psi | 86% | 2589 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,879 psi | 87% | 2697 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,702 psi | 80% | 2690 fps | 98.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 50,647 psi | 86% | 2785 fps | 99.7% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,982 psi | 90% | 2572 fps | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,953 psi | 90% | 2726 fps | 98.9% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,096 psi | 85% | 2687 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,401 psi | 88% | 2612 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,082 psi | 87% | 2694 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,895 psi | 90% | 2782 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 49,661 psi | 85% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 50,720 psi | 86% | 2648 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,851 psi | 88% | 2700 fps | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon H414ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,734 psi | 86% | 2733 fps | 96% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,415 psi | 86% | 2674 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 42,583 psi | 72% | 2575 fps | 98.5% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,460 psi | 89% | 2749 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,461 psi | 59% | 1631 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,837 psi | 88% | 2677 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,866 psi | 90% | 2710 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,502 psi | 86% | 2644 fps | 99% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,010 psi | 87% | 2621 fps | 95.8% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,474 psi | 88% | 2556 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,701 psi | 76% | 2625 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,199 psi | 89% | 2730 fps | 99.5% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,634 psi | 90% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,257 psi | 89% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,083 psi | 89% | 2687 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,314 psi | 86% | 2602 fps | 99.3% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,968 psi | 90% | 2687 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex S065ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2677 fps | 97.5% |
| Lovex S070ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,400 psi | 84% | 2654 fps | 95.8% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,779 psi | 88% | 2661 fps | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,402 psi | 89% | 2671 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,053 psi | 85% | 2684 fps | 99.3% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,891 psi | 80% | 2677 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,343 psi | 86% | 2707 fps | 99.2% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,852 psi | 90% | 2680 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,185 psi | 89% | 2700 fps | 99.4% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,459 psi | 86% | 2625 fps | 99.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,882 psi | 59% | 1673 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,069 psi | 89% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,504 psi | 89% | 2684 fps | 96.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,604 psi | 86% | 2756 fps | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 96% | 50,328 psi | 86% | 2789 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 46,630 psi | 79% | 2697 fps | 97.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,718 psi | 81% | 2717 fps | 97.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,576 psi | 90% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,040 psi | 89% | 2654 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 96% | 49,966 psi | 85% | 2677 fps | 99.6% |
| Shooters World Long Rifleᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,054 psi | 89% | 2677 fps | 97.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,083 psi | 89% | 2687 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,968 psi | 90% | 2687 fps | 99.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,400 psi | 84% | 2654 fps | 95.8% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,764 psi | 88% | 2625 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,025 psi | 89% | 2740 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,663 psi | 88% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,894 psi | 87% | 2654 fps | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,605 psi | 88% | 2684 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,676 psi | 86% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,314 psi | 86% | 2566 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,736 psi | 90% | 2635 fps | 96.2% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,908 psi | 85% | 2648 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,040 psi | 90% | 2612 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,372 psi | 86% | 2651 fps | 99.2% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 96% | 50,633 psi | 86% | 2677 fps | 99.6% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 41,655 psi | 71% | 2625 fps | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,662 psi | 86% | 2543 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,807 psi | 86% | 2559 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,271 psi | 87% | 2631 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,910 psi | 90% | 2648 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 98% | 52,127 psi | 89% | 2664 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,545 psi | 84% | 2677 fps | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,011 psi | 90% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,053 psi | 87% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,356 psi | 82% | 2677 fps | 97.8% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,604 psi | 86% | 2664 fps | 99.7% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,359 psi | 89% | 2713 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,734 psi | 86% | 2733 fps | 96% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,068 psi | 87% | 2687 fps | 99.6% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,047 psi | 72% | 2454 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,513 psi | 77% | 2546 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,026 psi | 58% | 2359 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,770 psi | 69% | 2500 fps | 99.7% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,213 psi | 55% | 2343 fps | 99.1% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 37,782 psi | 64% | 2513 fps | 95.6% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,551 psi | 66% | 2457 fps | 97.1% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 35,012 psi | 60% | 2365 fps | 95.2% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,640 psi | 69% | 2474 fps | 98.7% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,755 psi | 68% | 2474 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,152 psi | 80% | 2661 fps | 99.3% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 46.5 gr | 82% | 37,202 psi | 63% | 2516 fps | 95.4% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,807 psi | 54% | 2329 fps | 96% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,616 psi | 81% | 2546 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,418 psi | 59% | 2388 fps | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 94% | 38,769 psi | 66% | 2533 fps | 95.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 86% | 33,750 psi | 57% | 2444 fps | 95.9% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,792 psi | 85% | 2530 fps | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,666 psi | 64% | 2454 fps | 95.6% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,038 psi | 53% | 2323 fps | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,815 psi | 73% | 2474 fps | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,769 psi | 66% | 2487 fps | 98.8% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,873 psi | 73% | 2615 fps | 97.7% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,630 psi | 79% | 2579 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,181 psi | 80% | 2595 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,479 psi | 67% | 2487 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,413 psi | 81% | 2680 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,827 psi | 66% | 2470 fps | 97.8% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 92% | 33,025 psi | 56% | 2375 fps | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,766 psi | 59% | 2431 fps | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,701 psi | 44% | 1460 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,550 psi | 64% | 2428 fps | 97.3% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,942 psi | 65% | 2474 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,505 psi | 59% | 2346 fps | 95.3% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 47,819 psi | 81% | 2569 fps | 95% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,341 psi | 82% | 2513 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 94% | 36,492 psi | 62% | 2467 fps | 95.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,201 psi | 60% | 2418 fps | 96.2% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,640 psi | 69% | 2474 fps | 98.7% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,411 psi | 77% | 2552 fps | 99.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,840 psi | 63% | 2434 fps | 99.2% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,407 psi | 67% | 2408 fps | 97.3% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,069 psi | 58% | 2352 fps | 97.2% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 43,236 psi | 74% | 2530 fps | 95.5% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,224 psi | 79% | 2602 fps | 95% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,695 psi | 64% | 2418 fps | 98.2% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,797 psi | 64% | 2431 fps | 99.6% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,794 psi | 58% | 2375 fps | 95.6% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 94% | 38,421 psi | 65% | 2516 fps | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,359 psi | 57% | 2385 fps | 95.1% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 43,424 psi | 74% | 2523 fps | 95.8% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,624 psi | 67% | 2487 fps | 97.4% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,135 psi | 75% | 2520 fps | 98.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 25,715 psi | 44% | 1493 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,600 psi | 78% | 2556 fps | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,093 psi | 78% | 2579 fps | 95.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | 44 gr | 80% | 35,578 psi | 61% | 2474 fps | 95.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 44.7 gr | 80% | 29,370 psi | 50% | 2339 fps | 96.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 94% | 37,942 psi | 65% | 2533 fps | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 41,742 psi | 71% | 2605 fps | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,336 psi | 70% | 2464 fps | 99.8% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,810 psi | 61% | 2369 fps | 97.6% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 82% | 31,183 psi | 53% | 2320 fps | 95.5% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 43,236 psi | 74% | 2530 fps | 95.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,840 psi | 63% | 2434 fps | 99.2% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,069 psi | 58% | 2352 fps | 97.2% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 46,224 psi | 79% | 2602 fps | 95% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,399 psi | 82% | 2572 fps | 99.5% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 84% | 34,853 psi | 59% | 2425 fps | 95.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,515 psi | 83% | 2566 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 41,307 psi | 70% | 2493 fps | 95.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,159 psi | 63% | 2428 fps | 96.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,465 psi | 67% | 2388 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,387 psi | 55% | 2260 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,139 psi | 84% | 2582 fps | 95.4% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,772 psi | 75% | 2549 fps | 99.4% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,928 psi | 66% | 2392 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,348 psi | 65% | 2441 fps | 97% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 82% | 32,285 psi | 55% | 2333 fps | 95.6% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 90% | 30,023 psi | 51% | 2359 fps | 96% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,846 psi | 76% | 2457 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,668 psi | 68% | 2388 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,838 psi | 59% | 2365 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,897 psi | 61% | 2372 fps | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 28,819 psi | 49% | 2231 fps | 95.9% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 92% | 37,927 psi | 65% | 2470 fps | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,611 psi | 69% | 2470 fps | 98.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,272 psi | 58% | 2352 fps | 99% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 94% | 39,711 psi | 68% | 2526 fps | 95.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 86% | 31,618 psi | 54% | 2300 fps | 95% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,624 psi | 67% | 2507 fps | 99.2% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 98% | 47,413 psi | 81% | 2680 fps | 95.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,245 psi | 62% | 2425 fps | 97.1% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 93 powders for .30-06 Spring. loaded with the .308 | 170gr | Lapua Naturalis. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,815 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,631 fps to 2,815 fps. Accurate 4350 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 93 of the 93 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (405 MPa), the top charges use 59–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 170.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:11.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Hodgdon H414 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 52 rank at the top here: for .30-06 Spring. with the .308 | 170gr | Lapua Naturalis they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.