Load Specifications
Load data in caliber .30-06 R Stief with .308 | 168gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting bullet and 93 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17 and Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
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You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,169 psi | 85% | 2595 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,430 psi | 88% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,068 psi | 87% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 49,748 psi | 85% | 2667 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,995 psi | 87% | 2694 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,995 psi | 85% | 2749 fps | 98.5% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,344 psi | 89% | 2723 fps | 99.5% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,082 psi | 85% | 2671 fps | 98.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,576 psi | 88% | 2680 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,416 psi | 88% | 2664 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 82% | 53,069 psi | 90% | 2779 fps | 99.8% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,416 psi | 88% | 2822 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,895 psi | 90% | 2743 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 82% | 52,968 psi | 90% | 2641 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,227 psi | 86% | 2710 fps | 99% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,066 psi | 84% | 2756 fps | 98.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 53,069 psi | 90% | 2848 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 34,708 psi | 59% | 2490 fps | 96.2% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,924 psi | 88% | 2733 fps | 98.9% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 92% | 49,574 psi | 84% | 2703 fps | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 84% | 50,459 psi | 86% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,444 psi | 86% | 2707 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,040 psi | 89% | 2792 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,924 psi | 88% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 53,113 psi | 90% | 2703 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,010 psi | 87% | 2710 fps | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 49,879 psi | 85% | 2746 fps | 96% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,823 psi | 90% | 2736 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 45,063 psi | 77% | 2641 fps | 99% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,517 psi | 88% | 2759 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,056 psi | 60% | 1663 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,720 psi | 86% | 2687 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,359 psi | 89% | 2726 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,765 psi | 90% | 2703 fps | 99.3% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,111 psi | 85% | 2631 fps | 95.8% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,620 psi | 90% | 2700 fps | 96.2% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 47,384 psi | 81% | 2690 fps | 98.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,474 psi | 88% | 2743 fps | 99.5% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,576 psi | 88% | 2680 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,503 psi | 88% | 2667 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,590 psi | 88% | 2703 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,460 psi | 89% | 2657 fps | 99.5% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,315 psi | 89% | 2703 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,401 psi | 88% | 2690 fps | 97.5% |
| Lovex S070ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,069 psi | 89% | 2720 fps | 96.5% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,039 psi | 87% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,517 psi | 88% | 2680 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,692 psi | 90% | 2749 fps | 99.6% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,530 psi | 84% | 2743 fps | 98.4% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 92% | 53,011 psi | 90% | 2769 fps | 99.5% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 48,704 psi | 83% | 2733 fps | 96.6% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,880 psi | 88% | 2690 fps | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 86% | 50,995 psi | 87% | 2707 fps | 99.4% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,547 psi | 89% | 2680 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,273 psi | 60% | 1699 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 82% | 51,169 psi | 87% | 2664 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 92% | 51,445 psi | 88% | 2690 fps | 96.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,009 psi | 85% | 2769 fps | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,127 psi | 90% | 2854 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 49,443 psi | 84% | 2769 fps | 98.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 50,386 psi | 86% | 2792 fps | 97.9% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,214 psi | 89% | 2661 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 90% | 51,517 psi | 88% | 2671 fps | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 96% | 52,779 psi | 90% | 2743 fps | 99.8% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,401 psi | 88% | 2690 fps | 97.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 51,590 psi | 88% | 2703 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,315 psi | 89% | 2703 fps | 99.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,069 psi | 89% | 2720 fps | 96.5% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 94% | 51,285 psi | 87% | 2753 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,850 psi | 85% | 2664 fps | 97.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,778 psi | 86% | 2697 fps | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,113 psi | 90% | 2625 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 52,881 psi | 90% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 98% | 51,808 psi | 88% | 2644 fps | 96.2% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,547 psi | 89% | 2710 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,127 psi | 89% | 2621 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,055 psi | 90% | 2713 fps | 99.5% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 50,299 psi | 86% | 2697 fps | 99.6% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,150 psi | 75% | 2694 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,982 psi | 90% | 2595 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 86% | 49,966 psi | 85% | 2569 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,836 psi | 87% | 2644 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,098 psi | 89% | 2661 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 96% | 51,474 psi | 88% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 52,156 psi | 89% | 2743 fps | 98.7% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,953 psi | 88% | 2680 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 90% | 50,299 psi | 86% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,169 psi | 87% | 2746 fps | 98.4% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 36,999 psi | 63% | 2562 fps | 96.3% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 53,156 psi | 90% | 2726 fps | 99.9% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 86% | 51,314 psi | 87% | 2723 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 98% | 50,198 psi | 85% | 2749 fps | 96% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 50,241 psi | 86% | 2700 fps | 99.6% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,338 psi | 75% | 2507 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,269 psi | 82% | 2608 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,767 psi | 63% | 2425 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,424 psi | 74% | 2566 fps | 99.9% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,751 psi | 59% | 2411 fps | 99.5% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 37,768 psi | 64% | 2533 fps | 95.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,712 psi | 69% | 2520 fps | 97.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,635 psi | 59% | 2375 fps | 95.1% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,714 psi | 73% | 2533 fps | 99.1% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,076 psi | 72% | 2530 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,661 psi | 85% | 2726 fps | 99.6% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 47 gr | 80% | 36,811 psi | 63% | 2530 fps | 95.4% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,968 psi | 58% | 2395 fps | 96.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,937 psi | 85% | 2602 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,521 psi | 62% | 2451 fps | 96% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 92% | 38,392 psi | 65% | 2546 fps | 95.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 48.6 gr | 84% | 33,489 psi | 57% | 2457 fps | 95.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 98% | 32,648 psi | 56% | 2434 fps | 95.3% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,537 psi | 67% | 2513 fps | 96.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 33,373 psi | 57% | 2395 fps | 96.8% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,599 psi | 76% | 2526 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,191 psi | 70% | 2549 fps | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,194 psi | 77% | 2680 fps | 98.3% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,675 psi | 83% | 2631 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 49,559 psi | 84% | 2654 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 84% | 39,189 psi | 67% | 2500 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 96% | 46,804 psi | 80% | 2694 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,017 psi | 70% | 2533 fps | 98.3% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 90% | 32,967 psi | 56% | 2392 fps | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,753 psi | 63% | 2493 fps | 97.8% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,092 psi | 44% | 1486 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,305 psi | 67% | 2484 fps | 97.9% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,176 psi | 68% | 2536 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,318 psi | 62% | 2408 fps | 96.1% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 86% | 47,094 psi | 80% | 2582 fps | 95% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 49,516 psi | 84% | 2651 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 92% | 36,637 psi | 62% | 2490 fps | 95.4% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,391 psi | 64% | 2484 fps | 97% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,714 psi | 73% | 2533 fps | 99.1% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,095 psi | 82% | 2615 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,233 psi | 67% | 2500 fps | 99.6% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,191 psi | 70% | 2467 fps | 97.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,114 psi | 61% | 2415 fps | 97.9% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 92% | 42,888 psi | 73% | 2546 fps | 95.5% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 96% | 45,919 psi | 78% | 2618 fps | 95.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,827 psi | 68% | 2477 fps | 98.7% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,089 psi | 68% | 2493 fps | 99.9% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,940 psi | 61% | 2441 fps | 96.5% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 92% | 38,145 psi | 65% | 2533 fps | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,375 psi | 60% | 2448 fps | 96% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 98% | 45,759 psi | 78% | 2680 fps | 95.8% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,525 psi | 72% | 2526 fps | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,800 psi | 71% | 2549 fps | 98% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,311 psi | 79% | 2579 fps | 98.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,165 psi | 45% | 1519 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,747 psi | 81% | 2612 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 88% | 45,223 psi | 77% | 2585 fps | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,739 psi | 64% | 2543 fps | 96.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 46.2 gr | 80% | 31,096 psi | 53% | 2408 fps | 97.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 92% | 37,681 psi | 64% | 2546 fps | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 94% | 41,147 psi | 70% | 2615 fps | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,758 psi | 74% | 2526 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,942 psi | 65% | 2431 fps | 98.2% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 31,299 psi | 53% | 2339 fps | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 92% | 42,888 psi | 73% | 2546 fps | 95.5% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,233 psi | 67% | 2500 fps | 99.6% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,114 psi | 61% | 2415 fps | 97.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 45,919 psi | 78% | 2618 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 82% | 34,679 psi | 59% | 2438 fps | 95.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,698 psi | 69% | 2500 fps | 95.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,146 psi | 67% | 2487 fps | 97.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,466 psi | 71% | 2444 fps | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,214 psi | 58% | 2316 fps | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 48,472 psi | 83% | 2592 fps | 95.4% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,847 psi | 78% | 2605 fps | 99.6% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,915 psi | 70% | 2444 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,321 psi | 69% | 2500 fps | 97.6% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 32,314 psi | 55% | 2349 fps | 95.8% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 86% | 28,195 psi | 48% | 2323 fps | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,905 psi | 80% | 2510 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,640 psi | 71% | 2441 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,072 psi | 63% | 2425 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,811 psi | 64% | 2428 fps | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,676 psi | 52% | 2290 fps | 96.7% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 90% | 37,695 psi | 64% | 2484 fps | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,757 psi | 73% | 2530 fps | 99.2% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,303 psi | 62% | 2415 fps | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 92% | 39,421 psi | 67% | 2539 fps | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 98% | 34,635 psi | 59% | 2507 fps | 95.4% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 84% | 31,314 psi | 53% | 2313 fps | 95.1% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,785 psi | 71% | 2569 fps | 99.5% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 96% | 46,804 psi | 80% | 2694 fps | 95.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,493 psi | 66% | 2490 fps | 97.8% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 93 powders for .30-06 R Stief loaded with the .308 | 168gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting. ReloadSwiss RS 60 delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 2,854 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,663 fps to 2,854 fps. Accurate 4350 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 93 of the 93 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (405 MPa), the top charges use 59–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 168.0 gr projectile in 0.308" calls for a 1:12.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Alliant Reloder-23 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR rank at the top here: for .30-06 R Stief with the .308 | 168gr | Nosler Ballistic Tip Hunting they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.