Load Specifications
Load data in caliber .270 Win. with .277 | 129gr | Barnes LRX BT bullet and 94 powders. The key underlying parameters are shown in the table above. The recommended powders for this cartridge and bullet combination are Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 and Alliant Reloder-17.
Important Notice: DO NOT go below Minimum Charge or above Maximum Charge. Since we have no control over the equipment and components used, any responsibility and liability for the results achieved is rejected.
Only powders/loads that match the current filter criteria are displayed: max pressure of a load ≤ 90% of max. standardized pressure, fill rate ≥ 80% and propellant combustion ≥ 95%. Use the sliders above the tables to adjust these thresholds.
Charge: Powder weight in grains. Start with the minimum load and work up carefully.
FR (Fill Rate): Case fill as a percentage. Values above 100% mean compressed loads.
MaxP / %: Maximum chamber pressure in bar and as a percentage of the standardized maximum for this caliber.
V(0): Muzzle velocity in feet per second (fps) at the standardized barrel length.
z (Powder Burn): Estimated propellant combustion percentage at bullet exit.
A valid access license is required to use the Personalized Load Calculator.
You can find more information in our FAQ: How can I use the Personalized Load Calculator?
Max Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 84% | 55,434 psi | 89% | 2844 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,838 psi | 86% | 2864 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 55,970 psi | 90% | 2936 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,214 psi | 85% | 2861 fps | 96.5% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,838 psi | 86% | 2910 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 54,157 psi | 87% | 2999 fps | 99.5% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,563 psi | 87% | 2946 fps | 99.9% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 92% | 55,811 psi | 89% | 2946 fps | 99.8% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,534 psi | 86% | 2894 fps | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 84% | 54,621 psi | 88% | 2874 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 88% | 54,578 psi | 88% | 3068 fps | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 55,622 psi | 89% | 2966 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 88% | 52,852 psi | 85% | 2936 fps | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 55,361 psi | 89% | 3054 fps | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 94% | 53,171 psi | 85% | 3038 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 39,494 psi | 63% | 2776 fps | 98.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 44,324 psi | 71% | 2943 fps | 98% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,491 psi | 87% | 2959 fps | 99.6% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 52,678 psi | 84% | 2930 fps | 100% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 96% | 56,304 psi | 90% | 2953 fps | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 84% | 55,172 psi | 88% | 2881 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 52,997 psi | 85% | 2923 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 82% | 54,926 psi | 88% | 3025 fps | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 90% | 53,664 psi | 86% | 2943 fps | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,388 psi | 86% | 2989 fps | 97.5% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 54,302 psi | 87% | 2959 fps | 96.3% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 55,158 psi | 88% | 2956 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,706 psi | 83% | 2930 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 54,810 psi | 88% | 2992 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,143 psi | 87% | 3028 fps | 97.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,259 psi | 57% | 1811 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 88% | 56,420 psi | 90% | 2959 fps | 100% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 86% | 55,027 psi | 88% | 2936 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 55,085 psi | 88% | 2930 fps | 99.8% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 55,013 psi | 88% | 2907 fps | 97.7% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 53,476 psi | 86% | 2927 fps | 96.9% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 54,940 psi | 88% | 2933 fps | 97.6% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 54,694 psi | 88% | 2989 fps | 99.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 54,215 psi | 87% | 2969 fps | 99.9% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,534 psi | 86% | 2894 fps | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,230 psi | 87% | 2920 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,027 psi | 87% | 2871 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 54,752 psi | 88% | 2923 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,317 psi | 87% | 2927 fps | 98.7% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 55,187 psi | 88% | 2959 fps | 98% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 86% | 53,200 psi | 85% | 2887 fps | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 86% | 53,998 psi | 87% | 2894 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 90% | 55,637 psi | 89% | 2979 fps | 100% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 98% | 53,243 psi | 85% | 2986 fps | 99.4% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 90% | 56,275 psi | 90% | 3002 fps | 100% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 55,738 psi | 89% | 3035 fps | 98.7% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,954 psi | 87% | 2913 fps | 98.7% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,432 psi | 86% | 2930 fps | 99.9% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 82% | 54,317 psi | 87% | 2897 fps | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,839 psi | 57% | 1854 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 54,070 psi | 87% | 2923 fps | 98.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 86% | 53,156 psi | 85% | 3002 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 92% | 52,953 psi | 85% | 3041 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 98% | 53,940 psi | 86% | 3018 fps | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 98% | 53,534 psi | 86% | 3048 fps | 99.2% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 84% | 54,070 psi | 87% | 2871 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,780 psi | 86% | 2887 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 56,318 psi | 90% | 2976 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 96% | 56,304 psi | 90% | 2953 fps | 97.4% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,317 psi | 87% | 2927 fps | 98.7% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,230 psi | 87% | 2920 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 54,752 psi | 88% | 2923 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 55,187 psi | 88% | 2959 fps | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 92% | 54,708 psi | 88% | 2989 fps | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 56,028 psi | 90% | 2946 fps | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 86% | 53,026 psi | 85% | 2917 fps | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,839 psi | 88% | 2831 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 55,042 psi | 88% | 2828 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 54,549 psi | 87% | 2877 fps | 97.6% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 54,708 psi | 88% | 2927 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 86% | 54,128 psi | 87% | 2828 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 86% | 55,521 psi | 89% | 2936 fps | 99.9% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 56,376 psi | 90% | 2969 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 51,387 psi | 82% | 2989 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 82% | 54,636 psi | 88% | 2795 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 86% | 55,172 psi | 88% | 2818 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 88% | 53,534 psi | 86% | 2854 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 88% | 54,592 psi | 88% | 2874 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 54,621 psi | 88% | 2904 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 55,970 psi | 90% | 2986 fps | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,969 psi | 87% | 2894 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 90% | 56,101 psi | 90% | 2917 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 54,737 psi | 88% | 2986 fps | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 43,308 psi | 69% | 2854 fps | 98.5% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 98% | 56,376 psi | 90% | 2963 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 84% | 53,925 psi | 86% | 2943 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 96% | 53,679 psi | 86% | 2995 fps | 97.6% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 35,215 psi | 56% | 2769 fps | 98.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 86% | 52,866 psi | 85% | 2923 fps | 100% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
Start Load - Barrel Length: 24"
| Powder | Charge | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,762 psi | 78% | 2746 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,944 psi | 66% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,602 psi | 78% | 2825 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 84% | 46,717 psi | 75% | 2746 fps | 95% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,740 psi | 62% | 2651 fps | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,230 psi | 56% | 2635 fps | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,078 psi | 72% | 2779 fps | 99.1% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,247 psi | 61% | 2621 fps | 97.1% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,239 psi | 76% | 2792 fps | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,688 psi | 76% | 2776 fps | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 45.9 gr | 80% | 41,118 psi | 66% | 2808 fps | 97.8% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,898 psi | 61% | 2644 fps | 98.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,741 psi | 65% | 2713 fps | 97.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,520 psi | 57% | 2651 fps | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 45.2 gr | 80% | 32,677 psi | 52% | 2605 fps | 96.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 92% | 30,632 psi | 49% | 2546 fps | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 96% | 38,363 psi | 62% | 2805 fps | 96% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,541 psi | 71% | 2785 fps | 98.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,304 psi | 60% | 2641 fps | 98.4% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,731 psi | 75% | 2789 fps | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 48,820 psi | 78% | 2779 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,122 psi | 74% | 2808 fps | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 51,329 psi | 82% | 2966 fps | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 38,276 psi | 61% | 2648 fps | 96% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 90% | 43,555 psi | 70% | 2812 fps | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 50,894 psi | 82% | 2900 fps | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,527 psi | 73% | 2792 fps | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 30,545 psi | 49% | 2490 fps | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,582 psi | 67% | 2759 fps | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 92% | 46,702 psi | 75% | 2894 fps | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,237 psi | 42% | 1617 fps | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,569 psi | 70% | 2740 fps | 99.2% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,165 psi | 72% | 2785 fps | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,118 psi | 64% | 2657 fps | 97.9% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 45,571 psi | 73% | 2740 fps | 95.6% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 46,891 psi | 75% | 2812 fps | 95.4% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 45,571 psi | 73% | 2766 fps | 95.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 86% | 34,171 psi | 55% | 2592 fps | 95.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,756 psi | 67% | 2743 fps | 98.6% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,239 psi | 76% | 2792 fps | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,164 psi | 71% | 2756 fps | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,020 psi | 72% | 2717 fps | 99.1% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,943 psi | 64% | 2661 fps | 99.2% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,624 psi | 64% | 2651 fps | 95.4% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 90% | 42,627 psi | 68% | 2733 fps | 95.1% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,816 psi | 70% | 2726 fps | 99.6% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,483 psi | 71% | 2740 fps | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,089 psi | 64% | 2700 fps | 98.3% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,636 psi | 57% | 2641 fps | 95.5% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,769 psi | 64% | 2710 fps | 98% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 92% | 42,714 psi | 68% | 2802 fps | 95.9% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,021 psi | 75% | 2795 fps | 97.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 46,644 psi | 75% | 2815 fps | 99.3% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 51,010 psi | 82% | 2841 fps | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 26,600 psi | 43% | 1657 fps | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 82% | 41,423 psi | 66% | 2690 fps | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,091 psi | 69% | 2818 fps | 98.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 45.2 gr | 80% | 34,867 psi | 56% | 2677 fps | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 86% | 35,085 psi | 56% | 2651 fps | 95% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 88% | 37,869 psi | 61% | 2726 fps | 95.2% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,688 psi | 76% | 2769 fps | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,684 psi | 67% | 2677 fps | 99.4% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,099 psi | 56% | 2585 fps | 97.6% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 90% | 46,731 psi | 75% | 2789 fps | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 39,624 psi | 64% | 2651 fps | 95.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,164 psi | 71% | 2756 fps | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 39,943 psi | 64% | 2661 fps | 99.2% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 42,627 psi | 68% | 2733 fps | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 36,318 psi | 58% | 2638 fps | 97.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,324 psi | 73% | 2766 fps | 97.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,642 psi | 70% | 2749 fps | 98.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,295 psi | 73% | 2684 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 37,666 psi | 60% | 2543 fps | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 44,773 psi | 72% | 2710 fps | 95.5% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 51,300 psi | 82% | 2874 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 44,831 psi | 72% | 2680 fps | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,324 psi | 73% | 2769 fps | 99.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 35,926 psi | 58% | 2592 fps | 97.6% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 82% | 27,760 psi | 45% | 2464 fps | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 51,169 psi | 82% | 2746 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 45,716 psi | 73% | 2677 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 41,292 psi | 66% | 2661 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 42,032 psi | 67% | 2671 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 34,243 psi | 55% | 2530 fps | 98.4% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 84% | 34,809 psi | 56% | 2585 fps | 95.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,152 psi | 76% | 2785 fps | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 40,451 psi | 65% | 2657 fps | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 86% | 36,651 psi | 59% | 2641 fps | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 92% | 33,040 psi | 53% | 2625 fps | 95.5% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 30,458 psi | 49% | 2451 fps | 95.7% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 47,166 psi | 76% | 2835 fps | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 90% | 43,816 psi | 70% | 2815 fps | 95.3% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 96% | 30,821 psi | 49% | 2628 fps | 96.1% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 43,062 psi | 69% | 2749 fps | 99.2% |
Recommended = one of the top powders for this cartridge and bullet combination.
ᴾ possible press load - work up slowly to this load while watching for signs of excessive pressure.
This overview compares 94 powders for .270 Win. loaded with the .277 | 129gr | Barnes LRX BT. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR delivers the highest muzzle velocity at 3,068 fps; across all powders the maximum-charge window runs from 1,811 fps to 3,068 fps. Alliant Reloder-16 gives the best case fill at 100 %, and 94 of the 94 powders fall inside the usable 80–100 % fill window.
Relative to the caliber's maximum pressure (430 MPa), the top charges use 56–90 %, leaving at least 10 % headroom. The 129.0 gr projectile in 0.277" calls for a 1:9.5 twist; slower twists will usually not stabilise this weight. Alliant Reloder-16, Alliant Reloder-23, Alliant Reloder-26 reach 100 % fill or more at maximum charge, so these are compressed loads: they need a long drop tube to seat cleanly and react sensitively to the case capacity of your own brass lot. Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17 rank at the top here: for .270 Win. with the .277 | 129gr | Barnes LRX BT they combine a high case fill with complete burn and sit in the upper velocity band. Always begin at the start load and work up in small increments while checking case and primer for pressure signs.