Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber 8.5 mm Messner Mag. mit Geschoss .338 | 210gr | Impala RNFP KO und 87 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Norma MRP, Vihtavuori N560 und Alliant Reloder-26.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 65.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,901 bar | 89% | 876 m/s | 99.2% |
| Accurate 3100 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,855 bar | 88% | 895 m/s | 99.9% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,968 bar | 90% | 875 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,749 bar | 85% | 893 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate High Country | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,893 bar | 88% | 939 m/s | 98.1% |
| Accurate MAGPRO | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,949 bar | 90% | 937 m/s | 97% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,844 bar | 87% | 880 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2209 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,976 bar | 90% | 920 m/s | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2213 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,818 bar | 87% | 919 m/s | 97.5% |
| ADI AR 2225ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,697 bar | 61% | 837 m/s | 96.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,755 bar | 85% | 903 m/s | 98.5% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,940 bar | 90% | 889 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,942 bar | 90% | 895 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,960 bar | 90% | 922 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,812 bar | 87% | 914 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-19 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,944 bar | 90% | 917 m/s | 98.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-22 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,784 bar | 86% | 920 m/s | 98.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,827 bar | 87% | 913 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-25ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,345 bar | 76% | 896 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,849 bar | 87% | 942 m/s | 100% |
| Bofors RP15ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,714 bar | 84% | 914 m/s | 98.5% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,787 bar | 86% | 880 m/s | 100% |
| Bofors RP30ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,074 bar | 70% | 873 m/s | 95.9% |
| Bofors RP5 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,784 bar | 86% | 920 m/s | 98.7% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,937 bar | 89% | 890 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H1000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,306 bar | 75% | 875 m/s | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,784 bar | 86% | 884 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,823 bar | 87% | 905 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,785 bar | 86% | 892 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H4831 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,835 bar | 87% | 901 m/s | 96.9% |
| Hodgdon H4831 SC | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,749 bar | 85% | 895 m/s | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,774 bar | 86% | 884 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Retumboᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,270 bar | 74% | 908 m/s | 98.1% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,827 bar | 87% | 917 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,548 bar | 58% | 554 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,810 bar | 87% | 874 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,964 bar | 90% | 885 m/s | 99.6% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,756 bar | 85% | 884 m/s | 99.1% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,795 bar | 86% | 882 m/s | 99.4% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,981 bar | 90% | 904 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4955 Enduron | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,927 bar | 89% | 897 m/s | 97.3% |
| IMR 7828 SSCᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,891 bar | 88% | 928 m/s | 97.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,868 bar | 88% | 874 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,848 bar | 87% | 882 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,938 bar | 90% | 896 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex S071ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,467 bar | 79% | 869 m/s | 99.5% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,897 bar | 89% | 891 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,805 bar | 86% | 900 m/s | 98.4% |
| Norma MRP | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,755 bar | 85% | 928 m/s | 99.5% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,853 bar | 88% | 902 m/s | 100% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,937 bar | 89% | 898 m/s | 100% |
| Ramshot Grandᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,950 bar | 90% | 935 m/s | 98.3% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,756 bar | 85% | 902 m/s | 99.8% |
| Ramshot Magnumᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,554 bar | 81% | 897 m/s | 98.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,605 bar | 59% | 568 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,759 bar | 85% | 878 m/s | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,772 bar | 86% | 911 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,946 bar | 90% | 914 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,796 bar | 86% | 921 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 76ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,291 bar | 75% | 908 m/s | 99% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,805 bar | 86% | 879 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 904 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,851 bar | 88% | 894 m/s | 97.7% |
| Rottweil R 905 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,905 bar | 89% | 913 m/s | 98.9% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,937 bar | 89% | 890 m/s | 99.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,848 bar | 87% | 882 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,868 bar | 88% | 874 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,938 bar | 90% | 896 m/s | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,856 bar | 88% | 895 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,801 bar | 86% | 840 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,813 bar | 87% | 867 m/s | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 8000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,871 bar | 88% | 912 m/s | 98.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,786 bar | 86% | 877 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S361 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,977 bar | 90% | 891 m/s | 97.2% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,824 bar | 87% | 903 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S385 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,968 bar | 90% | 906 m/s | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,852 bar | 88% | 868 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,745 bar | 85% | 883 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N165ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,894 bar | 89% | 897 m/s | 99.1% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,896 bar | 89% | 867 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,929 bar | 89% | 902 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,806 bar | 87% | 908 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N560 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,763 bar | 86% | 924 m/s | 97.1% |
| Vihtavuori N565ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,502 bar | 80% | 899 m/s | 96.6% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,932 bar | 89% | 887 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,836 bar | 87% | 907 m/s | 99.6% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,530 bar | 80% | 938 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester Supreme 780 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,960 bar | 90% | 904 m/s | 98.8% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 65.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,661 bar | 83% | 859 m/s | 98.7% |
| Accurate 3100 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,200 bar | 50% | 751 m/s | 95.2% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,751 bar | 85% | 861 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,901 bar | 66% | 828 m/s | 99.4% |
| Accurate High Country | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,988 bar | 68% | 865 m/s | 95.1% |
| Accurate MAGPRO | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,456 bar | 79% | 901 m/s | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,416 bar | 78% | 850 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2209 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,918 bar | 66% | 834 m/s | 95.7% |
| ADI AR 2213 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,162 bar | 72% | 865 m/s | 95.2% |
| ADI AR 2225 | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,546 bar | 58% | 819 m/s | 95.8% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,761 bar | 63% | 818 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,491 bar | 79% | 858 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,710 bar | 84% | 880 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,749 bar | 62% | 826 m/s | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,117 bar | 71% | 864 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-19 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,736 bar | 62% | 816 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-22 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,760 bar | 63% | 833 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,097 bar | 48% | 760 m/s | 98.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-25 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,211 bar | 50% | 778 m/s | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | 77.1 gr | 5.00 g | 80% | 2,238 bar | 51% | 795 m/s | 96.9% |
| Bofors RP15 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,735 bar | 62% | 829 m/s | 95% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,562 bar | 81% | 865 m/s | 100% |
| Bofors RP30 | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,890 bar | 66% | 855 m/s | 95% |
| Bofors RP5 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,760 bar | 63% | 833 m/s | 95.3% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,111 bar | 71% | 826 m/s | 97.6% |
| Hodgdon H1000 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,102 bar | 71% | 857 m/s | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,558 bar | 81% | 868 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,981 bar | 68% | 838 m/s | 97.7% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,157 bar | 72% | 842 m/s | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon H4831 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,365 bar | 76% | 866 m/s | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H4831 SC | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,307 bar | 75% | 861 m/s | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,607 bar | 59% | 794 m/s | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Retumbo | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,731 bar | 62% | 852 m/s | 95.5% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,898 bar | 66% | 842 m/s | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,919 bar | 44% | 496 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,595 bar | 82% | 859 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,735 bar | 85% | 869 m/s | 99.3% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,790 bar | 63% | 804 m/s | 96.4% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,180 bar | 72% | 833 m/s | 98.1% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,756 bar | 63% | 810 m/s | 99.1% |
| IMR 4955 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,280 bar | 75% | 848 m/s | 95.3% |
| IMR 7828 SSC | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,222 bar | 73% | 875 m/s | 95.6% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,652 bar | 83% | 860 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,051 bar | 69% | 821 m/s | 98.9% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,931 bar | 67% | 816 m/s | 97.7% |
| Lovex S071 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,294 bar | 52% | 762 m/s | 95.7% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,671 bar | 83% | 876 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,945 bar | 67% | 830 m/s | 95.7% |
| Norma MRP | 78.6 gr | 5.09 g | 84% | 2,549 bar | 58% | 820 m/s | 95.8% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,831 bar | 64% | 822 m/s | 99.2% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,694 bar | 84% | 882 m/s | 100% |
| Ramshot Grand | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,014 bar | 69% | 859 m/s | 95% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,746 bar | 62% | 819 m/s | 97.7% |
| Ramshot Magnum | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,709 bar | 62% | 824 m/s | 95.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,954 bar | 44% | 507 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,529 bar | 80% | 862 m/s | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,295 bar | 75% | 878 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,851 bar | 65% | 831 m/s | 99.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,739 bar | 62% | 833 m/s | 98.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 76 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,530 bar | 57% | 828 m/s | 95.5% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,364 bar | 76% | 848 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 904 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,212 bar | 73% | 844 m/s | 95.7% |
| Rottweil R 905 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,859 bar | 65% | 829 m/s | 95.8% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,111 bar | 71% | 826 m/s | 97.6% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,051 bar | 69% | 821 m/s | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,652 bar | 83% | 860 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,931 bar | 67% | 816 m/s | 97.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,403 bar | 77% | 864 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,378 bar | 77% | 813 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,990 bar | 68% | 804 m/s | 97.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 8000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,832 bar | 64% | 827 m/s | 95.7% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,364 bar | 76% | 847 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S361 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,285 bar | 75% | 840 m/s | 95% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,602 bar | 59% | 811 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S385 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,584 bar | 59% | 792 m/s | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,204 bar | 73% | 824 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,923 bar | 66% | 820 m/s | 99.3% |
| Vihtavuori N165 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,688 bar | 61% | 801 m/s | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,671 bar | 83% | 853 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,902 bar | 66% | 822 m/s | 99.2% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,329 bar | 53% | 783 m/s | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N560 | 86.1 gr | 5.58 g | 92% | 3,314 bar | 75% | 888 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N565 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,079 bar | 70% | 864 m/s | 95% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,846 bar | 65% | 810 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,988 bar | 68% | 839 m/s | 97.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,882 bar | 43% | 759 m/s | 97.9% |
| Winchester Supreme 780 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,852 bar | 65% | 818 m/s | 95.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 87 Pulver für das Kaliber 8.5 mm Messner Mag. mit dem Geschoss .338 | 210gr | Impala RNFP KO. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht Alliant Reloder-26 mit 942 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 554 m/s und 942 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert ADI AR 2225 mit 100 %, und 87 der 87 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (440 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 58 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 210,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.338" wird ein Drall von 1:15.0 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. ADI AR 2225, Alliant Reloder-23, Alliant Reloder-25 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Norma MRP, Vihtavuori N560, Alliant Reloder-26: Diese Pulver verbinden für 8.5 mm Messner Mag. mit .338 | 210gr | Impala RNFP KO einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.