Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber 7.5 x 54 mm MAS mit Geschoss .308 | 200gr | Sako Hammerhead und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 und Alliant Reloder-17.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 58.4 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,241 bar | 85% | 690 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,277 bar | 86% | 707 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,390 bar | 89% | 722 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,271 bar | 86% | 718 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,379 bar | 89% | 747 m/s | 98.8% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,357 bar | 88% | 724 m/s | 99.5% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,428 bar | 90% | 724 m/s | 99.2% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,322 bar | 87% | 713 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,308 bar | 87% | 709 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,286 bar | 86% | 751 m/s | 99% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,372 bar | 89% | 730 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,426 bar | 90% | 735 m/s | 99.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,336 bar | 88% | 749 m/s | 98.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,388 bar | 89% | 760 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,361 bar | 62% | 677 m/s | 96.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,310 bar | 87% | 727 m/s | 98.7% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,381 bar | 89% | 733 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,267 bar | 86% | 698 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,221 bar | 85% | 720 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,299 bar | 87% | 742 m/s | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,250 bar | 86% | 721 m/s | 98% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,395 bar | 89% | 747 m/s | 96.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,385 bar | 89% | 727 m/s | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,069 bar | 81% | 717 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,284 bar | 86% | 735 m/s | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,421 bar | 64% | 442 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,264 bar | 86% | 715 m/s | 99.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,362 bar | 88% | 725 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,402 bar | 90% | 720 m/s | 99.3% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,426 bar | 90% | 714 m/s | 96.3% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,380 bar | 89% | 720 m/s | 96% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,223 bar | 85% | 732 m/s | 98.5% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,309 bar | 87% | 730 m/s | 99.5% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,322 bar | 87% | 713 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,296 bar | 87% | 720 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,376 bar | 89% | 706 m/s | 99.5% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,374 bar | 89% | 720 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,311 bar | 87% | 718 m/s | 97.4% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,336 bar | 88% | 726 m/s | 96.3% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,280 bar | 86% | 710 m/s | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,318 bar | 87% | 714 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,374 bar | 89% | 732 m/s | 99.5% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,360 bar | 88% | 745 m/s | 98.7% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,373 bar | 89% | 738 m/s | 99.4% |
| Ramshot Hunterᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,315 bar | 87% | 743 m/s | 97% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,324 bar | 87% | 716 m/s | 97.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,266 bar | 86% | 721 m/s | 99.3% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,362 bar | 88% | 712 m/s | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,445 bar | 64% | 453 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,293 bar | 87% | 717 m/s | 96.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,396 bar | 89% | 751 m/s | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,381 bar | 89% | 761 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,362 bar | 88% | 753 m/s | 98.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,415 bar | 90% | 759 m/s | 98.2% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,379 bar | 89% | 708 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,324 bar | 87% | 711 m/s | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,368 bar | 89% | 731 m/s | 99.8% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,311 bar | 87% | 718 m/s | 97.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,296 bar | 87% | 720 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,374 bar | 89% | 720 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,336 bar | 88% | 726 m/s | 96.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,273 bar | 86% | 734 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,413 bar | 90% | 723 m/s | 98.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,241 bar | 85% | 716 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,413 bar | 90% | 697 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,397 bar | 89% | 698 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,293 bar | 87% | 704 m/s | 95.9% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,362 bar | 88% | 722 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,359 bar | 88% | 697 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,377 bar | 89% | 722 m/s | 99.4% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,417 bar | 90% | 731 m/s | 99.7% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,005 bar | 79% | 732 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,411 bar | 90% | 689 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,422 bar | 90% | 695 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,267 bar | 86% | 704 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,333 bar | 88% | 708 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,292 bar | 87% | 714 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,324 bar | 87% | 731 m/s | 98.5% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,327 bar | 88% | 712 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,418 bar | 90% | 719 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,256 bar | 86% | 732 m/s | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,512 bar | 66% | 697 m/s | 96.8% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,368 bar | 89% | 728 m/s | 99.8% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,269 bar | 86% | 724 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,395 bar | 89% | 747 m/s | 96.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,425 bar | 90% | 732 m/s | 99.8% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 58.4 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,048 bar | 80% | 678 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,528 bar | 67% | 657 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,958 bar | 78% | 694 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,390 bar | 63% | 654 m/s | 99.8% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,399 bar | 63% | 674 m/s | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,788 bar | 73% | 683 m/s | 98.2% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,380 bar | 63% | 644 m/s | 95.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,930 bar | 77% | 686 m/s | 99.4% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,902 bar | 76% | 685 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 40.2 gr | 2.60 g | 80% | 2,518 bar | 66% | 688 m/s | 96.2% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,328 bar | 61% | 650 m/s | 97.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,504 bar | 66% | 666 m/s | 96.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,466 bar | 65% | 677 m/s | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 40.5 gr | 2.62 g | 82% | 2,132 bar | 56% | 652 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,103 bar | 55% | 650 m/s | 95.1% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,716 bar | 71% | 684 m/s | 97% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,278 bar | 60% | 650 m/s | 97.4% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,061 bar | 81% | 684 m/s | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,818 bar | 74% | 692 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,081 bar | 81% | 727 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,513 bar | 66% | 664 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,175 bar | 84% | 732 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,810 bar | 74% | 686 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,115 bar | 56% | 636 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,525 bar | 66% | 678 m/s | 98.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,797 bar | 47% | 394 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,708 bar | 71% | 674 m/s | 98.4% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,753 bar | 72% | 685 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,492 bar | 66% | 652 m/s | 96.7% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,211 bar | 85% | 699 m/s | 95.6% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,169 bar | 83% | 705 m/s | 95.3% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,332 bar | 61% | 662 m/s | 95.1% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,561 bar | 67% | 673 m/s | 97.6% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,930 bar | 77% | 686 m/s | 99.4% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,684 bar | 71% | 678 m/s | 99.8% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,832 bar | 75% | 668 m/s | 98.4% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,482 bar | 65% | 655 m/s | 98.4% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,755 bar | 73% | 677 m/s | 95.4% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,121 bar | 82% | 711 m/s | 95.6% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,740 bar | 72% | 672 m/s | 99.1% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,745 bar | 72% | 675 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,460 bar | 65% | 663 m/s | 97.1% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,459 bar | 65% | 675 m/s | 95.5% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,422 bar | 64% | 665 m/s | 96.7% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,908 bar | 77% | 713 m/s | 95.4% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,925 bar | 77% | 687 m/s | 96.3% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,866 bar | 75% | 692 m/s | 98.4% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,153 bar | 83% | 698 m/s | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,807 bar | 48% | 403 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,908 bar | 77% | 689 m/s | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,581 bar | 68% | 690 m/s | 97.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 39.5 gr | 2.56 g | 80% | 2,128 bar | 56% | 654 m/s | 98.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,559 bar | 67% | 693 m/s | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,798 bar | 74% | 712 m/s | 95.8% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,001 bar | 79% | 683 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,597 bar | 68% | 658 m/s | 98.7% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,147 bar | 56% | 635 m/s | 96.4% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,755 bar | 73% | 677 m/s | 95.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,684 bar | 71% | 678 m/s | 99.8% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,482 bar | 65% | 655 m/s | 98.4% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,121 bar | 82% | 711 m/s | 95.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,215 bar | 58% | 647 m/s | 95.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,775 bar | 73% | 678 m/s | 96.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,680 bar | 71% | 675 m/s | 97.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,855 bar | 75% | 661 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,355 bar | 62% | 627 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,090 bar | 81% | 691 m/s | 95.2% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,149 bar | 83% | 708 m/s | 99.8% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,814 bar | 74% | 662 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,766 bar | 73% | 679 m/s | 98.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,222 bar | 58% | 638 m/s | 96.5% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 84% | 1,819 bar | 48% | 619 m/s | 95.1% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,233 bar | 85% | 678 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,869 bar | 76% | 661 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,554 bar | 67% | 657 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,597 bar | 68% | 658 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,104 bar | 55% | 622 m/s | 97.4% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,418 bar | 64% | 662 m/s | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,923 bar | 77% | 685 m/s | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,490 bar | 66% | 655 m/s | 99.7% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,510 bar | 66% | 675 m/s | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,223 bar | 59% | 670 m/s | 95.2% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,141 bar | 56% | 629 m/s | 95.8% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,873 bar | 76% | 697 m/s | 99.8% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,195 bar | 84% | 733 m/s | 95.7% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,621 bar | 69% | 675 m/s | 98.2% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber 7.5 x 54 mm MAS mit dem Geschoss .308 | 200gr | Sako Hammerhead. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 60 mit 761 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 442 m/s und 761 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 4350 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (380 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 62 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 200,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.308" wird ein Drall von 1:14.0 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Alliant Reloder-23 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17: Diese Pulver verbinden für 7.5 x 54 mm MAS mit .308 | 200gr | Sako Hammerhead einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.