Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber 7 x 57 mit Geschoss .284 | 150gr | Sierra MatchKing und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind ReloadSwiss RS 70, Alliant Reloder-17 und ReloadSwiss RS 60.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 60.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,453 bar | 89% | 797 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,415 bar | 88% | 795 m/s | 95.9% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,463 bar | 89% | 811 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,413 bar | 88% | 832 m/s | 99.1% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,505 bar | 90% | 819 m/s | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,361 bar | 86% | 805 m/s | 99.3% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,444 bar | 88% | 806 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,471 bar | 89% | 799 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,441 bar | 88% | 850 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,356 bar | 86% | 812 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,382 bar | 87% | 817 m/s | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,518 bar | 90% | 849 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,358 bar | 86% | 844 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,675 bar | 69% | 787 m/s | 98.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,989 bar | 77% | 834 m/s | 97.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,468 bar | 89% | 822 m/s | 99.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,366 bar | 86% | 815 m/s | 99.9% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,383 bar | 87% | 804 m/s | 96% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,357 bar | 86% | 812 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,412 bar | 87% | 817 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,377 bar | 87% | 830 m/s | 96.8% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,327 bar | 85% | 807 m/s | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,495 bar | 90% | 829 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,472 bar | 89% | 831 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,390 bar | 87% | 838 m/s | 96.2% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,457 bar | 63% | 508 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,386 bar | 87% | 807 m/s | 99.8% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,512 bar | 90% | 817 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,322 bar | 85% | 799 m/s | 99.3% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,321 bar | 85% | 791 m/s | 96.4% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,390 bar | 87% | 812 m/s | 96.1% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,506 bar | 90% | 814 m/s | 96.9% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,468 bar | 89% | 831 m/s | 99.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,468 bar | 89% | 826 m/s | 99.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,444 bar | 88% | 806 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,473 bar | 89% | 813 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,480 bar | 89% | 798 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,316 bar | 85% | 799 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,476 bar | 89% | 814 m/s | 98.2% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,524 bar | 90% | 823 m/s | 97.4% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,414 bar | 88% | 803 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,458 bar | 89% | 805 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,333 bar | 85% | 813 m/s | 99.6% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,378 bar | 87% | 830 m/s | 99% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,330 bar | 85% | 818 m/s | 99.5% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,513 bar | 90% | 843 m/s | 98% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,438 bar | 88% | 808 m/s | 98.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,410 bar | 87% | 814 m/s | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,484 bar | 64% | 520 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,455 bar | 89% | 812 m/s | 97.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,362 bar | 86% | 832 m/s | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,337 bar | 86% | 845 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,380 bar | 87% | 838 m/s | 98.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,385 bar | 87% | 845 m/s | 98.6% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,504 bar | 90% | 800 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,455 bar | 89% | 803 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,359 bar | 86% | 813 m/s | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,383 bar | 87% | 804 m/s | 96% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,476 bar | 89% | 814 m/s | 98.2% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,473 bar | 89% | 813 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,316 bar | 85% | 799 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,524 bar | 90% | 823 m/s | 97.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,466 bar | 89% | 830 m/s | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,331 bar | 85% | 802 m/s | 98.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,381 bar | 87% | 809 m/s | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,313 bar | 85% | 773 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,528 bar | 90% | 787 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,474 bar | 89% | 799 m/s | 96.9% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,479 bar | 89% | 786 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,301 bar | 85% | 800 m/s | 99.5% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,392 bar | 87% | 812 m/s | 99.8% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,438 bar | 88% | 845 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,332 bar | 85% | 770 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,430 bar | 88% | 794 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,484 bar | 89% | 799 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,472 bar | 89% | 807 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,313 bar | 85% | 813 m/s | 98.8% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,450 bar | 88% | 804 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,362 bar | 86% | 797 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,482 bar | 89% | 831 m/s | 99% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,924 bar | 75% | 809 m/s | 98.5% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,319 bar | 85% | 808 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,439 bar | 88% | 818 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,397 bar | 87% | 832 m/s | 96.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,405 bar | 62% | 787 m/s | 98.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,374 bar | 87% | 813 m/s | 99.8% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 60.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,853 bar | 73% | 757 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,192 bar | 82% | 778 m/s | 95% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,697 bar | 69% | 755 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,424 bar | 62% | 750 m/s | 95.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,095 bar | 79% | 788 m/s | 99.2% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,630 bar | 67% | 744 m/s | 97.3% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,237 bar | 83% | 791 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,244 bar | 83% | 785 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,807 bar | 72% | 797 m/s | 97.9% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,599 bar | 67% | 750 m/s | 98.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,799 bar | 72% | 769 m/s | 98.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,296 bar | 59% | 737 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 42.2 gr | 2.73 g | 80% | 2,239 bar | 57% | 740 m/s | 96.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,100 bar | 54% | 724 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,593 bar | 66% | 795 m/s | 95.9% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,026 bar | 78% | 789 m/s | 98.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,576 bar | 66% | 751 m/s | 98.6% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,176 bar | 81% | 788 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,151 bar | 81% | 797 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,627 bar | 67% | 752 m/s | 96.2% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,970 bar | 76% | 798 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,122 bar | 80% | 792 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,102 bar | 54% | 707 m/s | 95.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,828 bar | 73% | 782 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,163 bar | 81% | 820 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,830 bar | 47% | 454 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,983 bar | 76% | 776 m/s | 99.3% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,093 bar | 79% | 789 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,760 bar | 71% | 754 m/s | 98% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,124 bar | 80% | 776 m/s | 95.7% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,185 bar | 82% | 796 m/s | 95.3% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,103 bar | 80% | 783 m/s | 95.5% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,346 bar | 60% | 737 m/s | 95.5% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,866 bar | 73% | 778 m/s | 98.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,237 bar | 83% | 791 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,032 bar | 78% | 782 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,094 bar | 79% | 770 m/s | 99.2% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,759 bar | 71% | 756 m/s | 99.3% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,714 bar | 70% | 752 m/s | 95.6% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,922 bar | 75% | 776 m/s | 95.2% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,028 bar | 78% | 774 m/s | 99.7% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,046 bar | 78% | 776 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,754 bar | 71% | 766 m/s | 98.4% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,439 bar | 63% | 749 m/s | 95.7% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,718 bar | 70% | 769 m/s | 98.1% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,720 bar | 70% | 778 m/s | 95% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,219 bar | 83% | 792 m/s | 97.7% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,187 bar | 82% | 798 m/s | 99.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,842 bar | 47% | 464 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,837 bar | 73% | 763 m/s | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,941 bar | 75% | 799 m/s | 98.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 42.2 gr | 2.73 g | 80% | 2,384 bar | 61% | 759 m/s | 99.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,393 bar | 61% | 753 m/s | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | 47.2 gr | 3.06 g | 88% | 2,586 bar | 66% | 773 m/s | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,292 bar | 84% | 785 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,878 bar | 74% | 760 m/s | 99.5% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,419 bar | 62% | 734 m/s | 97.9% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,176 bar | 81% | 788 m/s | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,714 bar | 70% | 752 m/s | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,032 bar | 78% | 782 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,759 bar | 71% | 756 m/s | 99.3% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,922 bar | 75% | 776 m/s | 95.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,492 bar | 64% | 750 m/s | 97.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,107 bar | 80% | 785 m/s | 97.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,986 bar | 77% | 779 m/s | 99% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,124 bar | 80% | 760 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,600 bar | 67% | 721 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,052 bar | 78% | 768 m/s | 95.5% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,093 bar | 79% | 760 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,080 bar | 79% | 783 m/s | 99.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,485 bar | 64% | 737 m/s | 97.9% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,798 bar | 46% | 685 m/s | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,146 bar | 81% | 758 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,849 bar | 73% | 755 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,879 bar | 74% | 757 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,356 bar | 60% | 718 m/s | 98.6% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,396 bar | 61% | 735 m/s | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,239 bar | 83% | 789 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,770 bar | 71% | 753 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,508 bar | 64% | 750 m/s | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,256 bar | 58% | 746 m/s | 95.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,087 bar | 54% | 695 m/s | 95.9% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,203 bar | 82% | 802 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,970 bar | 76% | 798 m/s | 95.3% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,111 bar | 54% | 748 m/s | 96.2% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,937 bar | 75% | 779 m/s | 99.3% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 104 Pulver für das Kaliber 7 x 57 mit dem Geschoss .284 | 150gr | Sierra MatchKing. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR mit 850 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 508 m/s und 850 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 3100 mit 100 %, und 104 der 104 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (390 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 59 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 150,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.284" wird ein Drall von 1:11.5 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 3100, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen ReloadSwiss RS 70, Alliant Reloder-17, ReloadSwiss RS 60: Diese Pulver verbinden für 7 x 57 mit .284 | 150gr | Sierra MatchKing einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Als Ausreißer verbrennen ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19, Alliant Reloder-22 unvollständig und reagieren empfindlicher auf Lauflänge und Temperatur. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.