Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber 7 mm Exp. Rem. mit Geschoss .284 | 160gr | Nosler AccuBond und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind ReloadSwiss RS 70, Alliant Reloder-17 und ReloadSwiss RS 60.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 55.9 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,618 bar | 89% | 774 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,508 bar | 87% | 774 m/s | 96.9% |
| Accurate 3100ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,199 bar | 79% | 779 m/s | 97.7% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,627 bar | 90% | 788 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,630 bar | 90% | 814 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,610 bar | 89% | 795 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,471 bar | 86% | 782 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2209 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,488 bar | 86% | 806 m/s | 95.8% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,589 bar | 89% | 829 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,487 bar | 86% | 788 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,515 bar | 87% | 794 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,477 bar | 86% | 815 m/s | 99.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,524 bar | 87% | 823 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-19ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,645 bar | 90% | 819 m/s | 96.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,030 bar | 75% | 787 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-25ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,653 bar | 66% | 757 m/s | 96% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,418 bar | 84% | 837 m/s | 99.5% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,584 bar | 88% | 798 m/s | 99.7% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,508 bar | 87% | 792 m/s | 100% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,519 bar | 87% | 785 m/s | 97.2% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,554 bar | 88% | 795 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,563 bar | 88% | 812 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,595 bar | 89% | 801 m/s | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,647 bar | 90% | 797 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,469 bar | 86% | 795 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,614 bar | 89% | 807 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,552 bar | 88% | 820 m/s | 97.5% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,475 bar | 61% | 493 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,502 bar | 86% | 784 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,663 bar | 90% | 792 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,655 bar | 90% | 792 m/s | 99.9% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,619 bar | 89% | 785 m/s | 98% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,544 bar | 88% | 793 m/s | 97.3% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,635 bar | 90% | 794 m/s | 97.9% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,660 bar | 90% | 812 m/s | 99.8% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,602 bar | 89% | 802 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,600 bar | 89% | 788 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,561 bar | 88% | 774 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,655 bar | 90% | 790 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,598 bar | 89% | 792 m/s | 98.9% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,459 bar | 85% | 788 m/s | 97.8% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,542 bar | 87% | 780 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,571 bar | 88% | 780 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,466 bar | 86% | 790 m/s | 99.9% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,567 bar | 88% | 806 m/s | 96.1% |
| Norma MRPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,382 bar | 84% | 823 m/s | 97.3% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,553 bar | 88% | 809 m/s | 99.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,484 bar | 86% | 797 m/s | 99.9% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,472 bar | 86% | 808 m/s | 98.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,525 bar | 62% | 506 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,557 bar | 88% | 790 m/s | 98.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,524 bar | 87% | 810 m/s | 99.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,510 bar | 87% | 822 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,588 bar | 89% | 819 m/s | 99.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,531 bar | 87% | 826 m/s | 99.4% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,580 bar | 88% | 780 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,522 bar | 87% | 791 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 905ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,570 bar | 88% | 814 m/s | 96.5% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,519 bar | 87% | 785 m/s | 97.2% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,598 bar | 89% | 792 m/s | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,600 bar | 89% | 788 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,655 bar | 90% | 790 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,459 bar | 85% | 788 m/s | 97.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,616 bar | 89% | 807 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,497 bar | 86% | 786 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,601 bar | 89% | 761 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,633 bar | 90% | 762 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,594 bar | 89% | 779 m/s | 97.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 8000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,536 bar | 87% | 812 m/s | 96.4% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,591 bar | 89% | 762 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,648 bar | 90% | 792 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,543 bar | 87% | 790 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,438 bar | 85% | 810 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S385ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,631 bar | 90% | 809 m/s | 97.5% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,632 bar | 90% | 757 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,566 bar | 88% | 770 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,608 bar | 89% | 775 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,611 bar | 89% | 784 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,479 bar | 86% | 794 m/s | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,472 bar | 86% | 772 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,638 bar | 90% | 809 m/s | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,371 bar | 83% | 809 m/s | 99.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,454 bar | 85% | 787 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,563 bar | 88% | 812 m/s | 97.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,725 bar | 67% | 795 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,497 bar | 86% | 789 m/s | 100% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 55.9 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,176 bar | 78% | 746 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2700 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,081 bar | 76% | 742 m/s | 95.4% |
| Accurate 3100 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,622 bar | 65% | 732 m/s | 95.5% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,005 bar | 74% | 746 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,234 bar | 55% | 698 m/s | 95.3% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,383 bar | 84% | 779 m/s | 99.8% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,883 bar | 71% | 737 m/s | 98.7% |
| ADI AR 2209 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,263 bar | 81% | 789 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,117 bar | 77% | 793 m/s | 99.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,895 bar | 71% | 744 m/s | 99.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,082 bar | 76% | 761 m/s | 99.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,236 bar | 55% | 702 m/s | 95.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 44.4 gr | 2.88 g | 80% | 2,501 bar | 62% | 738 m/s | 98.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-19 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,215 bar | 79% | 786 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 86% | 1,956 bar | 48% | 677 m/s | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-25 | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,501 bar | 62% | 741 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,398 bar | 59% | 744 m/s | 95.5% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,358 bar | 83% | 783 m/s | 99.4% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,879 bar | 71% | 746 m/s | 99.6% |
| Bofors RP7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,908 bar | 72% | 738 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,928 bar | 72% | 748 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,915 bar | 72% | 762 m/s | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon H4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,155 bar | 78% | 768 m/s | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,416 bar | 84% | 782 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,071 bar | 51% | 675 m/s | 96.4% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,163 bar | 78% | 775 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,070 bar | 76% | 783 m/s | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,857 bar | 46% | 441 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,277 bar | 81% | 768 m/s | 99.9% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,436 bar | 85% | 778 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,031 bar | 75% | 747 m/s | 99.2% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,199 bar | 79% | 754 m/s | 96.7% |
| IMR 4350 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,935 bar | 72% | 747 m/s | 95.1% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,844 bar | 70% | 732 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,179 bar | 54% | 688 m/s | 95.1% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,156 bar | 78% | 770 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,366 bar | 83% | 773 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,357 bar | 83% | 760 m/s | 99.8% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,036 bar | 75% | 747 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,497 bar | 62% | 703 m/s | 95.2% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,862 bar | 71% | 741 m/s | 95.7% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,316 bar | 82% | 764 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,362 bar | 83% | 766 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,037 bar | 75% | 758 m/s | 99.4% |
| Norma 204 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,331 bar | 82% | 789 m/s | 95.2% |
| Norma MRP | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,953 bar | 73% | 788 m/s | 95.6% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,256 bar | 56% | 699 m/s | 95.3% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,032 bar | 75% | 764 m/s | 99.3% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,668 bar | 66% | 743 m/s | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,874 bar | 46% | 451 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,930 bar | 72% | 742 m/s | 96.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,290 bar | 81% | 794 m/s | 99.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 44.4 gr | 2.88 g | 80% | 2,662 bar | 66% | 756 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,380 bar | 59% | 720 m/s | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | 47.4 gr | 3.07 g | 84% | 2,521 bar | 62% | 738 m/s | 95.8% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,157 bar | 78% | 751 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,716 bar | 67% | 731 m/s | 99.2% |
| Rottweil R 905 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,351 bar | 83% | 798 m/s | 95.8% |
| Rottweil R 907 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,908 bar | 72% | 738 m/s | 95% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,497 bar | 62% | 703 m/s | 95.2% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,366 bar | 83% | 773 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,036 bar | 75% | 747 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,862 bar | 71% | 741 m/s | 95.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,775 bar | 69% | 744 m/s | 98.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,278 bar | 81% | 770 m/s | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,387 bar | 84% | 748 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,842 bar | 70% | 711 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,791 bar | 69% | 718 m/s | 95.2% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 8000 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,320 bar | 82% | 796 m/s | 95.6% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,369 bar | 83% | 748 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,417 bar | 84% | 777 m/s | 99.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,751 bar | 68% | 731 m/s | 99.1% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,022 bar | 50% | 686 m/s | 97.6% |
| Somchem S385 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,984 bar | 74% | 761 m/s | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,417 bar | 84% | 745 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,146 bar | 78% | 743 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,180 bar | 79% | 747 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,627 bar | 65% | 713 m/s | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,341 bar | 58% | 699 m/s | 95.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,070 bar | 76% | 745 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,320 bar | 57% | 700 m/s | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,123 bar | 52% | 699 m/s | 95.4% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,319 bar | 57% | 694 m/s | 97.9% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,935 bar | 72% | 763 m/s | 95.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 90% | 1,964 bar | 48% | 700 m/s | 95.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,257 bar | 80% | 772 m/s | 99.9% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 104 Pulver für das Kaliber 7 mm Exp. Rem. mit dem Geschoss .284 | 160gr | Nosler AccuBond. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht Alliant Reloder-26 mit 837 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 493 m/s und 837 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 3100 mit 100 %, und 104 der 104 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (405 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 61 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 160,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.284" wird ein Drall von 1:10.5 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 3100, Accurate MAGPRO, ADI AR 2213 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen ReloadSwiss RS 70, Alliant Reloder-17, ReloadSwiss RS 60: Diese Pulver verbinden für 7 mm Exp. Rem. mit .284 | 160gr | Nosler AccuBond einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Als Ausreißer verbrennen Accurate MAGPRO, ADI AR 2213, Bofors RP15 unvollständig und reagieren empfindlicher auf Lauflänge und Temperatur. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.