Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .338 Blaser Mag. mit Geschoss .338 | 165gr | Impala LWHV LS und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR und Alliant Reloder-17.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 65.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,762 bar | 90% | 920 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,667 bar | 87% | 927 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,689 bar | 88% | 929 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,760 bar | 90% | 946 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,665 bar | 87% | 942 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,533 bar | 84% | 954 m/s | 97.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,669 bar | 87% | 946 m/s | 99.1% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,714 bar | 88% | 943 m/s | 98.7% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,607 bar | 86% | 932 m/s | 99.6% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,601 bar | 86% | 929 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,700 bar | 88% | 966 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,590 bar | 85% | 976 m/s | 98.4% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,698 bar | 88% | 951 m/s | 99.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,733 bar | 89% | 923 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,753 bar | 89% | 958 m/s | 98.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,428 bar | 82% | 953 m/s | 97.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,718 bar | 89% | 986 m/s | 99.6% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,626 bar | 86% | 947 m/s | 98.2% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,748 bar | 89% | 957 m/s | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,738 bar | 89% | 927 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,787 bar | 90% | 958 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,608 bar | 86% | 967 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,638 bar | 87% | 934 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,707 bar | 88% | 940 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,588 bar | 85% | 941 m/s | 97.5% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,706 bar | 88% | 950 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,176 bar | 76% | 916 m/s | 98.4% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,604 bar | 86% | 958 m/s | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,430 bar | 58% | 585 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,774 bar | 90% | 950 m/s | 99.5% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,652 bar | 87% | 948 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,695 bar | 88% | 939 m/s | 98.8% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,690 bar | 88% | 908 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,346 bar | 80% | 934 m/s | 97.5% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,617 bar | 86% | 952 m/s | 99.1% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,607 bar | 86% | 932 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,653 bar | 87% | 929 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,643 bar | 87% | 941 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,659 bar | 87% | 923 m/s | 99.1% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,690 bar | 88% | 940 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,623 bar | 86% | 933 m/s | 96.7% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,627 bar | 86% | 931 m/s | 99.7% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,614 bar | 86% | 933 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,701 bar | 88% | 955 m/s | 99.2% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,468 bar | 83% | 950 m/s | 97.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,693 bar | 88% | 959 m/s | 99.1% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,634 bar | 87% | 932 m/s | 96.9% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,580 bar | 85% | 940 m/s | 98.9% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,681 bar | 88% | 931 m/s | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,464 bar | 59% | 599 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,574 bar | 85% | 927 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,615 bar | 86% | 933 m/s | 95.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,730 bar | 89% | 978 m/s | 98.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,703 bar | 88% | 989 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,490 bar | 83% | 959 m/s | 97.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,521 bar | 84% | 963 m/s | 96.9% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,729 bar | 89% | 930 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,654 bar | 87% | 931 m/s | 99.7% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,738 bar | 89% | 954 m/s | 99.6% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,623 bar | 86% | 933 m/s | 96.7% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,643 bar | 87% | 941 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,690 bar | 88% | 940 m/s | 99.7% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,786 bar | 90% | 932 m/s | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,573 bar | 85% | 953 m/s | 98.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,752 bar | 89% | 928 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,753 bar | 89% | 942 m/s | 97.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,784 bar | 90% | 952 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,711 bar | 88% | 913 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,678 bar | 88% | 911 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,697 bar | 88% | 943 m/s | 99.8% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,682 bar | 88% | 914 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,705 bar | 88% | 941 m/s | 99.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,766 bar | 90% | 953 m/s | 99.5% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,121 bar | 74% | 934 m/s | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,701 bar | 88% | 904 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,698 bar | 88% | 909 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,786 bar | 90% | 936 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,635 bar | 87% | 925 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,627 bar | 86% | 931 m/s | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,642 bar | 87% | 949 m/s | 97.9% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,638 bar | 87% | 932 m/s | 99.7% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,746 bar | 89% | 939 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,593 bar | 86% | 951 m/s | 97.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,717 bar | 89% | 944 m/s | 99.6% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,591 bar | 86% | 946 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,756 bar | 89% | 955 m/s | 99.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 65.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,159 bar | 75% | 877 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,435 bar | 82% | 910 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,730 bar | 65% | 855 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,100 bar | 74% | 896 m/s | 99.7% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,576 bar | 61% | 849 m/s | 99.4% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,896 bar | 69% | 900 m/s | 95.8% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,883 bar | 69% | 877 m/s | 97% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,610 bar | 62% | 844 m/s | 95% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,010 bar | 72% | 881 m/s | 98.5% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,977 bar | 71% | 884 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,475 bar | 83% | 948 m/s | 99.1% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 64.9 gr | 4.21 g | 82% | 2,776 bar | 66% | 897 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,438 bar | 58% | 837 m/s | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,523 bar | 84% | 909 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,605 bar | 62% | 854 m/s | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,874 bar | 68% | 900 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 67 gr | 4.34 g | 86% | 2,543 bar | 61% | 873 m/s | 95.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,807 bar | 67% | 875 m/s | 95.5% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,422 bar | 58% | 838 m/s | 96.2% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,139 bar | 75% | 880 m/s | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,917 bar | 69% | 888 m/s | 98.8% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,162 bar | 75% | 930 m/s | 97.5% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,416 bar | 81% | 917 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,472 bar | 83% | 923 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,983 bar | 71% | 889 m/s | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,908 bar | 69% | 882 m/s | 97.7% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,502 bar | 60% | 849 m/s | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,622 bar | 62% | 869 m/s | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,819 bar | 43% | 523 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,780 bar | 66% | 865 m/s | 97.1% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,841 bar | 68% | 885 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,586 bar | 62% | 839 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,493 bar | 83% | 894 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,781 bar | 66% | 883 m/s | 95.3% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,666 bar | 63% | 866 m/s | 96.2% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,010 bar | 72% | 881 m/s | 98.5% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,429 bar | 82% | 912 m/s | 99.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,828 bar | 67% | 875 m/s | 99.3% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,900 bar | 69% | 858 m/s | 97.1% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,596 bar | 62% | 844 m/s | 97.3% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,227 bar | 77% | 901 m/s | 95.4% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,870 bar | 68% | 867 m/s | 98.2% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,852 bar | 68% | 870 m/s | 99.6% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,565 bar | 61% | 851 m/s | 95.7% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,894 bar | 69% | 898 m/s | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,514 bar | 60% | 852 m/s | 95.1% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,207 bar | 76% | 897 m/s | 95.5% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,956 bar | 70% | 887 m/s | 97.2% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,249 bar | 77% | 895 m/s | 98% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,844 bar | 44% | 536 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,361 bar | 80% | 910 m/s | 99.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,408 bar | 81% | 916 m/s | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,688 bar | 64% | 885 m/s | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 62.4 gr | 4.04 g | 80% | 2,250 bar | 54% | 840 m/s | 96.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,873 bar | 68% | 904 m/s | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,104 bar | 74% | 925 m/s | 95.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,157 bar | 75% | 885 m/s | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,737 bar | 65% | 851 m/s | 97.7% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,288 bar | 54% | 820 m/s | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,227 bar | 77% | 901 m/s | 95.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,828 bar | 67% | 875 m/s | 99.3% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,596 bar | 62% | 844 m/s | 97.3% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,546 bar | 84% | 915 m/s | 99.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,632 bar | 63% | 867 m/s | 95.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,532 bar | 84% | 912 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,100 bar | 74% | 889 m/s | 95.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,781 bar | 66% | 866 m/s | 96.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,938 bar | 70% | 853 m/s | 99.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,441 bar | 58% | 809 m/s | 99.4% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,252 bar | 77% | 908 m/s | 99.3% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,929 bar | 70% | 855 m/s | 99.9% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,860 bar | 68% | 870 m/s | 96.8% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,352 bar | 56% | 823 m/s | 95.1% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,180 bar | 52% | 830 m/s | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,302 bar | 79% | 876 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,934 bar | 70% | 852 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,653 bar | 63% | 849 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,694 bar | 64% | 848 m/s | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,224 bar | 53% | 802 m/s | 96.1% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,850 bar | 68% | 881 m/s | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,018 bar | 72% | 880 m/s | 98.6% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,601 bar | 62% | 843 m/s | 99.1% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,987 bar | 71% | 900 m/s | 95.7% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,399 bar | 57% | 823 m/s | 95.2% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,953 bar | 70% | 894 m/s | 99.1% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,732 bar | 65% | 867 m/s | 97.1% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber .338 Blaser Mag. mit dem Geschoss .338 | 165gr | Impala LWHV LS. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 60 mit 989 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 585 m/s und 989 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 4350 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (420 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 58 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 165,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.338" wird ein Drall von 1:13.0 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Hodgdon Hybrid 100V erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, Alliant Reloder-17: Diese Pulver verbinden für .338 Blaser Mag. mit .338 | 165gr | Impala LWHV LS einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.