Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .308 Norma Mag. mit Geschoss .308 | 110gr | Hornady V-MAX und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR und ReloadSwiss RS 52.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,817 bar | 87% | 1036 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,721 bar | 85% | 1040 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,935 bar | 89% | 1055 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,856 bar | 88% | 1060 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,924 bar | 89% | 1068 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,396 bar | 77% | 1042 m/s | 96.1% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,769 bar | 86% | 1019 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,799 bar | 86% | 1027 m/s | 99.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,777 bar | 86% | 1061 m/s | 98.4% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,840 bar | 87% | 1057 m/s | 98% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,841 bar | 87% | 1058 m/s | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1066 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,958 bar | 90% | 1063 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,800 bar | 86% | 1085 m/s | 98.9% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,746 bar | 85% | 1093 m/s | 97.7% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,815 bar | 87% | 1065 m/s | 99.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,796 bar | 86% | 1042 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,857 bar | 88% | 1072 m/s | 98.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,333 bar | 76% | 1043 m/s | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,890 bar | 88% | 1103 m/s | 99.2% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,741 bar | 85% | 1013 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,777 bar | 86% | 1061 m/s | 97.5% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,855 bar | 88% | 1070 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,855 bar | 88% | 1044 m/s | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,913 bar | 89% | 1074 m/s | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,775 bar | 86% | 1086 m/s | 98% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,736 bar | 85% | 1051 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,842 bar | 87% | 1058 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,964 bar | 90% | 1073 m/s | 97.3% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,810 bar | 87% | 1065 m/s | 98.9% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,060 bar | 70% | 1002 m/s | 96.8% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,740 bar | 85% | 1072 m/s | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,388 bar | 54% | 672 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,900 bar | 89% | 1066 m/s | 99% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,746 bar | 85% | 1065 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,801 bar | 86% | 1052 m/s | 98.1% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,788 bar | 86% | 1029 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,953 bar | 90% | 1085 m/s | 98.9% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1066 m/s | 99.5% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,732 bar | 85% | 1042 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,726 bar | 85% | 1053 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,761 bar | 85% | 1037 m/s | 98.4% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,766 bar | 86% | 1052 m/s | 99.3% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,927 bar | 89% | 1062 m/s | 99.5% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,946 bar | 90% | 1065 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,798 bar | 86% | 1067 m/s | 98.5% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,366 bar | 77% | 1039 m/s | 95.9% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,862 bar | 88% | 1075 m/s | 98.5% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,766 bar | 86% | 1045 m/s | 96.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1074 m/s | 98.8% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,807 bar | 87% | 1045 m/s | 98.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,410 bar | 55% | 687 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,922 bar | 89% | 1061 m/s | 99.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,877 bar | 88% | 1096 m/s | 98.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,878 bar | 88% | 1108 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,969 bar | 90% | 1060 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,943 bar | 90% | 1059 m/s | 99.5% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,830 bar | 87% | 1066 m/s | 99.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,726 bar | 85% | 1053 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,766 bar | 86% | 1052 m/s | 99.3% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,933 bar | 89% | 1050 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,972 bar | 90% | 951 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,874 bar | 88% | 1061 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,728 bar | 85% | 1067 m/s | 98.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,849 bar | 87% | 1048 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,888 bar | 88% | 1057 m/s | 97% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,920 bar | 89% | 1068 m/s | 98.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,808 bar | 87% | 1029 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,797 bar | 86% | 1025 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,820 bar | 87% | 1059 m/s | 99.5% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,753 bar | 85% | 1027 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,860 bar | 88% | 1056 m/s | 98.5% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,858 bar | 88% | 1065 m/s | 99% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,001 bar | 68% | 1018 m/s | 98% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,782 bar | 86% | 1022 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,804 bar | 86% | 1026 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,879 bar | 88% | 1052 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,746 bar | 85% | 1039 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,733 bar | 85% | 1042 m/s | 99.5% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,547 bar | 81% | 1041 m/s | 96.5% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,753 bar | 85% | 1046 m/s | 99.3% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,890 bar | 88% | 1053 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,490 bar | 79% | 1041 m/s | 96.1% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,657 bar | 83% | 1037 m/s | 98.8% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,980 bar | 90% | 1081 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,913 bar | 89% | 1071 m/s | 99.1% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,959 bar | 67% | 966 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,248 bar | 74% | 1001 m/s | 99.5% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,451 bar | 56% | 926 m/s | 99.5% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,918 bar | 66% | 979 m/s | 98.6% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,315 bar | 53% | 916 m/s | 97.2% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,154 bar | 72% | 1020 m/s | 95.2% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,533 bar | 80% | 1000 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,558 bar | 81% | 1007 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,911 bar | 66% | 979 m/s | 95.6% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,998 bar | 68% | 981 m/s | 95.2% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,588 bar | 82% | 1039 m/s | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,864 bar | 65% | 967 m/s | 96.8% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,811 bar | 64% | 975 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,315 bar | 75% | 1042 m/s | 97.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 69.7 gr | 4.52 g | 88% | 3,254 bar | 74% | 1046 m/s | 95.8% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,588 bar | 59% | 948 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,350 bar | 76% | 1007 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,982 bar | 68% | 992 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,123 bar | 71% | 1022 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,752 bar | 63% | 990 m/s | 95.2% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,502 bar | 80% | 995 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,072 bar | 70% | 997 m/s | 95% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,555 bar | 58% | 946 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,001 bar | 68% | 969 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,761 bar | 63% | 969 m/s | 97% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,030 bar | 69% | 1016 m/s | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,279 bar | 75% | 1014 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,343 bar | 76% | 1018 m/s | 99.7% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,454 bar | 79% | 1031 m/s | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,746 bar | 62% | 964 m/s | 95.5% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,860 bar | 65% | 980 m/s | 95.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,644 bar | 60% | 967 m/s | 95.5% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,772 bar | 40% | 603 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,824 bar | 64% | 967 m/s | 95.8% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,672 bar | 61% | 969 m/s | 99.5% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,947 bar | 67% | 975 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,369 bar | 77% | 998 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,858 bar | 65% | 983 m/s | 95.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,864 bar | 65% | 967 m/s | 96.8% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,243 bar | 74% | 1001 m/s | 98.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,628 bar | 60% | 951 m/s | 97.5% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,766 bar | 63% | 943 m/s | 95% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,581 bar | 59% | 938 m/s | 95.6% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,671 bar | 61% | 946 m/s | 96% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,686 bar | 61% | 953 m/s | 98.4% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,930 bar | 67% | 987 m/s | 95.7% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,145 bar | 71% | 1018 m/s | 95% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,928 bar | 67% | 990 m/s | 95.4% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,523 bar | 80% | 1025 m/s | 95.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,816 bar | 64% | 970 m/s | 95.1% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,115 bar | 71% | 983 m/s | 96.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,776 bar | 40% | 616 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,224 bar | 73% | 1003 m/s | 99% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | 66.1 gr | 4.28 g | 86% | 3,130 bar | 71% | 1029 m/s | 95.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 65.6 gr | 4.25 g | 84% | 2,405 bar | 55% | 951 m/s | 95.7% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,922 bar | 66% | 969 m/s | 98.8% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,543 bar | 58% | 927 m/s | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,743 bar | 62% | 966 m/s | 95.7% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,628 bar | 60% | 951 m/s | 97.5% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,581 bar | 59% | 938 m/s | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,416 bar | 78% | 1009 m/s | 98.3% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,757 bar | 85% | 938 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,616 bar | 82% | 1040 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,839 bar | 65% | 983 m/s | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,393 bar | 77% | 1014 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,377 bar | 77% | 1014 m/s | 95.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,815 bar | 64% | 966 m/s | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,781 bar | 63% | 939 m/s | 98.6% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,287 bar | 52% | 885 m/s | 97.8% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,107 bar | 71% | 996 m/s | 98% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,748 bar | 62% | 939 m/s | 99.1% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,922 bar | 66% | 972 m/s | 95.5% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,811 bar | 64% | 969 m/s | 95.7% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,466 bar | 56% | 956 m/s | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,147 bar | 72% | 972 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,788 bar | 63% | 941 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,466 bar | 56% | 929 m/s | 99.5% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,535 bar | 58% | 928 m/s | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,345 bar | 53% | 907 m/s | 95% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,315 bar | 75% | 1021 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,869 bar | 65% | 966 m/s | 96.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,444 bar | 56% | 919 m/s | 97.3% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,263 bar | 74% | 1020 m/s | 95.2% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,777 bar | 63% | 954 m/s | 95.7% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,807 bar | 64% | 978 m/s | 97.5% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,765 bar | 63% | 966 m/s | 95.6% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber .308 Norma Mag. mit dem Geschoss .308 | 110gr | Hornady V-MAX. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 60 mit 1.108 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 672 m/s und 1.108 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 4350 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (440 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 54 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Alliant Reloder-17 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 52: Diese Pulver verbinden für .308 Norma Mag. mit .308 | 110gr | Hornady V-MAX einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.