Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .30 TC mit Geschoss .308 | 180gr | Barnes X BT und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R und Winchester 748.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,740 bar | 88% | 713 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,726 bar | 88% | 733 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,773 bar | 89% | 753 m/s | 97.5% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,817 bar | 90% | 757 m/s | 98% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,616 bar | 85% | 738 m/s | 99.9% |
| Accurate 2495ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,682 bar | 87% | 748 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,644 bar | 86% | 752 m/s | 99.8% |
| Accurate 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,415 bar | 80% | 744 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,791 bar | 89% | 719 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,820 bar | 90% | 723 m/s | 99.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,836 bar | 90% | 763 m/s | 98.4% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,660 bar | 86% | 715 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,437 bar | 81% | 732 m/s | 96.7% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,726 bar | 88% | 750 m/s | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,802 bar | 89% | 752 m/s | 99.2% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,664 bar | 86% | 751 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,646 bar | 86% | 767 m/s | 98.7% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MRᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,774 bar | 89% | 785 m/s | 97.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,321 bar | 78% | 739 m/s | 98.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,741 bar | 88% | 736 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,611 bar | 85% | 756 m/s | 97.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-17ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,982 bar | 70% | 732 m/s | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,763 bar | 89% | 720 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,695 bar | 87% | 719 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,776 bar | 89% | 765 m/s | 97.3% |
| Bofors RP3ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,314 bar | 78% | 742 m/s | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,782 bar | 89% | 738 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,667 bar | 86% | 761 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,791 bar | 89% | 783 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,845 bar | 90% | 756 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,712 bar | 87% | 752 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,704 bar | 87% | 718 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,631 bar | 85% | 753 m/s | 98.5% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolutionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,684 bar | 87% | 771 m/s | 98.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,358 bar | 55% | 438 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,711 bar | 87% | 752 m/s | 98.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,704 bar | 87% | 765 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,619 bar | 85% | 741 m/s | 97.5% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,771 bar | 89% | 725 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,687 bar | 87% | 766 m/s | 98.3% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,802 bar | 89% | 752 m/s | 99.2% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,630 bar | 85% | 740 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,845 bar | 90% | 752 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,712 bar | 87% | 759 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,692 bar | 87% | 732 m/s | 98.1% |
| Lovex S062ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,571 bar | 84% | 743 m/s | 98.9% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,799 bar | 89% | 731 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,787 bar | 89% | 751 m/s | 99.2% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,761 bar | 88% | 754 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203Bᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,547 bar | 83% | 754 m/s | 97.9% |
| Ramshot Big Gameᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,570 bar | 84% | 759 m/s | 97.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,741 bar | 88% | 760 m/s | 98.2% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,701 bar | 87% | 740 m/s | 97.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,362 bar | 56% | 448 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,825 bar | 90% | 753 m/s | 99.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,799 bar | 89% | 787 m/s | 97.9% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,172 bar | 75% | 751 m/s | 99.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,678 bar | 87% | 737 m/s | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 902ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,793 bar | 89% | 749 m/s | 99.2% |
| Rottweil R 903ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,097 bar | 73% | 724 m/s | 97.3% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,630 bar | 85% | 740 m/s | 99.7% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,712 bar | 87% | 759 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Precisionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,571 bar | 84% | 743 m/s | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,610 bar | 85% | 729 m/s | 98.6% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,717 bar | 87% | 648 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,760 bar | 88% | 752 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,247 bar | 76% | 739 m/s | 96.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,755 bar | 88% | 738 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,717 bar | 87% | 747 m/s | 96.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,706 bar | 87% | 755 m/s | 98.1% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,735 bar | 88% | 726 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,427 bar | 81% | 713 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,679 bar | 87% | 752 m/s | 99.2% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,650 bar | 86% | 727 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,636 bar | 86% | 746 m/s | 97.8% |
| Somchem S355ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,191 bar | 75% | 726 m/s | 97.4% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,648 bar | 86% | 701 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,751 bar | 88% | 722 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,685 bar | 87% | 724 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,640 bar | 86% | 743 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,760 bar | 88% | 746 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,053 bar | 72% | 709 m/s | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,617 bar | 85% | 739 m/s | 99% |
| Vihtavuori N540ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,657 bar | 86% | 747 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,706 bar | 87% | 765 m/s | 99.6% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,649 bar | 86% | 757 m/s | 98.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,515 bar | 83% | 700 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,499 bar | 59% | 652 m/s | 99.7% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,139 bar | 74% | 711 m/s | 95.7% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,128 bar | 74% | 712 m/s | 96.1% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,661 bar | 63% | 673 m/s | 98.4% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,035 bar | 48% | 629 m/s | 99% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,330 bar | 55% | 657 m/s | 96.9% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,923 bar | 45% | 622 m/s | 96.1% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,025 bar | 71% | 672 m/s | 99.8% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,050 bar | 72% | 675 m/s | 99% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,705 bar | 64% | 684 m/s | 95% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,265 bar | 77% | 693 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,064 bar | 72% | 707 m/s | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,908 bar | 68% | 698 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,391 bar | 56% | 650 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,272 bar | 53% | 657 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | 30.6 gr | 1.98 g | 80% | 2,692 bar | 63% | 697 m/s | 95.9% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,137 bar | 74% | 741 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,479 bar | 58% | 675 m/s | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,818 bar | 66% | 679 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,867 bar | 67% | 705 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,804 bar | 66% | 716 m/s | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,351 bar | 79% | 697 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,902 bar | 68% | 671 m/s | 99.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,152 bar | 74% | 724 m/s | 95.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,448 bar | 58% | 676 m/s | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,545 bar | 60% | 651 m/s | 96.4% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,224 bar | 52% | 652 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | 35.8 gr | 2.32 g | 86% | 2,924 bar | 69% | 722 m/s | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,680 bar | 63% | 681 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,702 bar | 64% | 685 m/s | 98.8% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,319 bar | 78% | 695 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,560 bar | 60% | 674 m/s | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,571 bar | 60% | 689 m/s | 95.4% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,756 bar | 41% | 390 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,630 bar | 62% | 675 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,184 bar | 51% | 653 m/s | 98.7% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,867 bar | 67% | 690 m/s | 95% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,842 bar | 67% | 669 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,750 bar | 65% | 700 m/s | 95.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,391 bar | 56% | 650 m/s | 95% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,193 bar | 75% | 713 m/s | 99.2% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,641 bar | 62% | 672 m/s | 97.3% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,119 bar | 50% | 640 m/s | 95.8% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,795 bar | 66% | 670 m/s | 95.3% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,403 bar | 57% | 657 m/s | 95.3% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,184 bar | 75% | 696 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,400 bar | 56% | 650 m/s | 95.2% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,219 bar | 52% | 642 m/s | 97.1% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,816 bar | 66% | 702 m/s | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,979 bar | 70% | 717 m/s | 95.7% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,744 bar | 65% | 691 m/s | 95.1% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,926 bar | 69% | 688 m/s | 95.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,768 bar | 42% | 400 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,669 bar | 63% | 674 m/s | 97.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,949 bar | 69% | 728 m/s | 95.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,357 bar | 55% | 678 m/s | 95.5% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,534 bar | 60% | 655 m/s | 98% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,427 bar | 57% | 651 m/s | 95.3% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,583 bar | 61% | 685 m/s | 95.4% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,193 bar | 75% | 713 m/s | 99.2% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,119 bar | 50% | 640 m/s | 95.8% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,403 bar | 57% | 657 m/s | 95.3% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,813 bar | 66% | 675 m/s | 96.4% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,354 bar | 79% | 629 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,949 bar | 69% | 700 m/s | 99.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,885 bar | 68% | 712 m/s | 95.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,811 bar | 66% | 678 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,489 bar | 82% | 733 m/s | 95.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,738 bar | 64% | 688 m/s | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,362 bar | 56% | 630 m/s | 97.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,933 bar | 45% | 596 m/s | 96.6% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,519 bar | 59% | 669 m/s | 96.1% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,328 bar | 55% | 633 m/s | 98.2% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,824 bar | 66% | 691 m/s | 95.3% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,691 bar | 63% | 689 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,266 bar | 77% | 680 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,664 bar | 63% | 654 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,337 bar | 55% | 633 m/s | 99.4% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,023 bar | 48% | 626 m/s | 98.8% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,106 bar | 50% | 626 m/s | 96.9% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,277 bar | 54% | 647 m/s | 95.2% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,367 bar | 56% | 647 m/s | 95% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,027 bar | 48% | 622 m/s | 95.8% |
| Winchester 748 | 32 gr | 2.07 g | 80% | 2,275 bar | 54% | 656 m/s | 95.5% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,686 bar | 63% | 690 m/s | 95.6% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber .30 TC mit dem Geschoss .308 | 180gr | Barnes X BT. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 52 mit 787 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 438 m/s und 787 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 2495 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (425 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 55 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 180,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.308" wird ein Drall von 1:11.5 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 2495, Accurate 4064, ADI AR 2208 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R, Winchester 748: Diese Pulver verbinden für .30 TC mit .308 | 180gr | Barnes X BT einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.