Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .30 TC mit Geschoss .308 | 165gr | Barnes X FN und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R und Hodgdon BL-C2.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,779 bar | 89% | 761 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,783 bar | 89% | 783 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,831 bar | 90% | 805 m/s | 97.4% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,636 bar | 86% | 792 m/s | 97.3% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,701 bar | 87% | 789 m/s | 99.9% |
| Accurate 2495ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,773 bar | 89% | 799 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,714 bar | 87% | 802 m/s | 99.8% |
| Accurate 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,492 bar | 82% | 794 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,842 bar | 90% | 768 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,659 bar | 86% | 760 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,670 bar | 86% | 800 m/s | 97.9% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,715 bar | 87% | 765 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,513 bar | 83% | 783 m/s | 96.7% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,813 bar | 90% | 802 m/s | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,653 bar | 86% | 790 m/s | 98.8% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,739 bar | 88% | 802 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,714 bar | 87% | 819 m/s | 98.6% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,610 bar | 85% | 822 m/s | 96.5% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,390 bar | 80% | 788 m/s | 98.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,797 bar | 89% | 787 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,697 bar | 87% | 808 m/s | 97.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-17ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,027 bar | 71% | 780 m/s | 95.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,795 bar | 89% | 768 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,757 bar | 88% | 768 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,629 bar | 85% | 802 m/s | 96.6% |
| Bofors RP3ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,414 bar | 80% | 793 m/s | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,843 bar | 90% | 788 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,732 bar | 88% | 812 m/s | 99.4% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,615 bar | 85% | 820 m/s | 97.2% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,703 bar | 87% | 796 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,773 bar | 89% | 803 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,760 bar | 88% | 768 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,694 bar | 87% | 804 m/s | 98.4% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolutionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,781 bar | 89% | 824 m/s | 98.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,354 bar | 55% | 470 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,785 bar | 89% | 804 m/s | 98.5% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,792 bar | 89% | 817 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,696 bar | 87% | 792 m/s | 97.4% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,803 bar | 89% | 774 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,776 bar | 89% | 818 m/s | 98.2% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,653 bar | 86% | 790 m/s | 98.8% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,695 bar | 87% | 791 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,704 bar | 87% | 791 m/s | 99.4% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,795 bar | 89% | 810 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,739 bar | 88% | 781 m/s | 98% |
| Lovex S062ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,652 bar | 86% | 794 m/s | 98.9% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,833 bar | 90% | 780 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,617 bar | 85% | 787 m/s | 98.8% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,820 bar | 90% | 805 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203Bᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,628 bar | 85% | 805 m/s | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Big Gameᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,643 bar | 86% | 810 m/s | 97.5% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,827 bar | 90% | 812 m/s | 98.1% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,767 bar | 89% | 790 m/s | 97.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,377 bar | 56% | 482 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,647 bar | 86% | 789 m/s | 99.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,634 bar | 86% | 824 m/s | 97.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,224 bar | 76% | 801 m/s | 99% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,751 bar | 88% | 788 m/s | 99.9% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,642 bar | 86% | 786 m/s | 98.8% |
| Rottweil R 903ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,164 bar | 74% | 773 m/s | 97.2% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,695 bar | 87% | 791 m/s | 99.7% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,795 bar | 89% | 810 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Precisionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,652 bar | 86% | 794 m/s | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,691 bar | 87% | 780 m/s | 98.6% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,742 bar | 88% | 693 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,841 bar | 90% | 804 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,317 bar | 78% | 790 m/s | 96.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,841 bar | 90% | 790 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,774 bar | 89% | 797 m/s | 96% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,773 bar | 89% | 806 m/s | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,782 bar | 89% | 775 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,470 bar | 82% | 760 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,739 bar | 88% | 802 m/s | 99.2% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,697 bar | 87% | 775 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,712 bar | 87% | 797 m/s | 97.8% |
| Somchem S355ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,255 bar | 77% | 775 m/s | 97.3% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,702 bar | 87% | 750 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,777 bar | 89% | 770 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,734 bar | 88% | 773 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,693 bar | 87% | 793 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,823 bar | 90% | 796 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,115 bar | 73% | 757 m/s | 98.1% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,684 bar | 87% | 790 m/s | 98.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,714 bar | 87% | 797 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,786 bar | 89% | 817 m/s | 99.6% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,723 bar | 88% | 808 m/s | 98.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,573 bar | 84% | 749 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,534 bar | 60% | 696 m/s | 99.7% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,169 bar | 75% | 758 m/s | 95.4% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,190 bar | 75% | 761 m/s | 96% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,713 bar | 64% | 719 m/s | 98.3% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,078 bar | 49% | 672 m/s | 98.9% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,376 bar | 56% | 702 m/s | 96.8% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,965 bar | 46% | 664 m/s | 95.9% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,058 bar | 72% | 718 m/s | 99.8% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,079 bar | 72% | 721 m/s | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,917 bar | 69% | 745 m/s | 95.5% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,302 bar | 78% | 740 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,118 bar | 73% | 754 m/s | 95.4% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,947 bar | 69% | 745 m/s | 99.6% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,576 bar | 61% | 708 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,298 bar | 54% | 701 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | 33.5 gr | 2.17 g | 80% | 2,730 bar | 64% | 743 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,387 bar | 80% | 805 m/s | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,531 bar | 60% | 720 m/s | 95% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,843 bar | 67% | 724 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,099 bar | 73% | 766 m/s | 95.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 2,863 bar | 67% | 765 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,385 bar | 80% | 744 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,954 bar | 70% | 717 m/s | 99.8% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,201 bar | 75% | 772 m/s | 95.2% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,496 bar | 59% | 721 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,585 bar | 61% | 695 m/s | 96.3% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | 36.6 gr | 2.37 g | 82% | 2,406 bar | 57% | 710 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | 39.3 gr | 2.55 g | 86% | 2,991 bar | 70% | 772 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,719 bar | 64% | 727 m/s | 99.2% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,745 bar | 65% | 731 m/s | 98.6% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,352 bar | 79% | 742 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,753 bar | 65% | 734 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,618 bar | 62% | 735 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,762 bar | 41% | 420 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,664 bar | 63% | 720 m/s | 95% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,214 bar | 52% | 696 m/s | 98.5% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,093 bar | 73% | 751 m/s | 95.6% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,891 bar | 68% | 716 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,803 bar | 66% | 747 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,576 bar | 61% | 708 m/s | 95.6% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,239 bar | 76% | 761 m/s | 99.1% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,694 bar | 63% | 719 m/s | 97.1% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,158 bar | 51% | 683 m/s | 95.6% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,840 bar | 67% | 716 m/s | 95.2% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,447 bar | 58% | 701 m/s | 95.1% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,237 bar | 76% | 744 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,430 bar | 57% | 693 m/s | 95% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,258 bar | 53% | 685 m/s | 96.9% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,851 bar | 67% | 748 m/s | 95.4% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,039 bar | 72% | 766 m/s | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,979 bar | 70% | 753 m/s | 95.7% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,973 bar | 70% | 734 m/s | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,770 bar | 42% | 430 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,707 bar | 64% | 720 m/s | 97.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,015 bar | 71% | 778 m/s | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,408 bar | 57% | 724 m/s | 95.4% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,553 bar | 60% | 699 m/s | 97.8% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,449 bar | 58% | 693 m/s | 95% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,651 bar | 62% | 733 m/s | 95.3% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,239 bar | 76% | 761 m/s | 99.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,158 bar | 51% | 683 m/s | 95.6% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,447 bar | 58% | 701 m/s | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,854 bar | 67% | 721 m/s | 96.3% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,383 bar | 80% | 674 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,990 bar | 70% | 747 m/s | 99.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,930 bar | 69% | 759 m/s | 95.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,854 bar | 67% | 726 m/s | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,560 bar | 84% | 783 m/s | 95.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,800 bar | 66% | 735 m/s | 95% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,397 bar | 56% | 674 m/s | 97.4% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,961 bar | 46% | 637 m/s | 96.4% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,570 bar | 60% | 715 m/s | 95.9% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,369 bar | 56% | 676 m/s | 98.1% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,880 bar | 68% | 739 m/s | 95.1% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,728 bar | 64% | 734 m/s | 95.4% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,295 bar | 78% | 727 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,703 bar | 64% | 699 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,375 bar | 56% | 676 m/s | 99.3% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,059 bar | 48% | 669 m/s | 98.7% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,138 bar | 50% | 668 m/s | 96.7% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,323 bar | 55% | 691 m/s | 95% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,553 bar | 60% | 705 m/s | 95.5% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,043 bar | 48% | 662 m/s | 95.5% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,314 bar | 54% | 700 m/s | 95.3% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,734 bar | 64% | 736 m/s | 95.4% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber .30 TC mit dem Geschoss .308 | 165gr | Barnes X FN. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht Hodgdon LEVERevolution mit 824 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 470 m/s und 824 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 2495 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (425 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 55 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 165,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.308" wird ein Drall von 1:14.0 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 2495, Accurate 4064, ADI AR 2208 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R, Hodgdon BL-C2: Diese Pulver verbinden für .30 TC mit .308 | 165gr | Barnes X FN einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.