Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .225 Win. mit Geschoss .224 | 85gr | Barnes Match Burner und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind ReloadSwiss RS 70, ReloadSwiss RS 60 und Alliant Reloder-17.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,495 bar | 90% | 817 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,381 bar | 87% | 823 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,504 bar | 90% | 842 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,414 bar | 88% | 838 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,337 bar | 86% | 854 m/s | 98.8% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,442 bar | 88% | 844 m/s | 99.6% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,522 bar | 90% | 845 m/s | 99.4% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,394 bar | 87% | 831 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,402 bar | 87% | 826 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,372 bar | 86% | 874 m/s | 99.3% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,485 bar | 89% | 848 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,521 bar | 90% | 852 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,306 bar | 85% | 840 m/s | 99.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,483 bar | 89% | 875 m/s | 99.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,298 bar | 85% | 868 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Reloder-23ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,633 bar | 68% | 809 m/s | 98.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-26ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,941 bar | 75% | 855 m/s | 97.5% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,392 bar | 87% | 845 m/s | 99% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,512 bar | 90% | 854 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,514 bar | 90% | 828 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,322 bar | 85% | 838 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,371 bar | 86% | 842 m/s | 98.5% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,332 bar | 85% | 854 m/s | 96.5% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,474 bar | 89% | 847 m/s | 99.8% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,441 bar | 88% | 853 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,424 bar | 88% | 857 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,366 bar | 86% | 861 m/s | 96% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,439 bar | 63% | 532 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,333 bar | 85% | 833 m/s | 99.7% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,458 bar | 89% | 845 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,494 bar | 90% | 840 m/s | 99.5% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,477 bar | 89% | 831 m/s | 96.7% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,463 bar | 89% | 839 m/s | 96.6% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,415 bar | 88% | 855 m/s | 99.1% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,390 bar | 87% | 849 m/s | 99.6% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,394 bar | 87% | 831 m/s | 99.9% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,393 bar | 87% | 837 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,442 bar | 88% | 825 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,458 bar | 89% | 839 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,439 bar | 88% | 839 m/s | 97.9% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,468 bar | 89% | 846 m/s | 97% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,362 bar | 86% | 829 m/s | 99.9% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,408 bar | 87% | 832 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,492 bar | 90% | 854 m/s | 99.7% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,526 bar | 90% | 868 m/s | 99.1% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,498 bar | 90% | 859 m/s | 99.7% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,465 bar | 89% | 867 m/s | 97.8% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,382 bar | 87% | 832 m/s | 97.9% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,366 bar | 86% | 840 m/s | 99.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,467 bar | 63% | 545 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,391 bar | 87% | 835 m/s | 97.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,528 bar | 90% | 874 m/s | 99.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,515 bar | 90% | 886 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,327 bar | 85% | 861 m/s | 98.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,351 bar | 86% | 869 m/s | 98.4% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,425 bar | 88% | 825 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,420 bar | 88% | 830 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,504 bar | 90% | 851 m/s | 99.9% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,439 bar | 88% | 839 m/s | 97.9% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,393 bar | 87% | 837 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,458 bar | 89% | 839 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,468 bar | 89% | 846 m/s | 97% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,417 bar | 88% | 855 m/s | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,518 bar | 90% | 843 m/s | 98.7% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,344 bar | 86% | 836 m/s | 99.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,453 bar | 89% | 812 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,494 bar | 90% | 814 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,436 bar | 88% | 822 m/s | 96.6% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,429 bar | 88% | 812 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,459 bar | 89% | 839 m/s | 99.6% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,338 bar | 86% | 837 m/s | 99.7% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,411 bar | 87% | 871 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,472 bar | 89% | 809 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,355 bar | 86% | 820 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,413 bar | 88% | 824 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,404 bar | 87% | 830 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,464 bar | 89% | 851 m/s | 98.9% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,379 bar | 87% | 829 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,299 bar | 85% | 822 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,418 bar | 88% | 853 m/s | 98.7% |
| Vihtavuori N555ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,876 bar | 74% | 832 m/s | 98.3% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,514 bar | 90% | 847 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,380 bar | 87% | 844 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,332 bar | 85% | 854 m/s | 96.5% |
| Winchester StaBALL HDᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,374 bar | 61% | 807 m/s | 98.1% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,527 bar | 90% | 852 m/s | 99.9% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,288 bar | 84% | 804 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,799 bar | 72% | 782 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,265 bar | 84% | 826 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,644 bar | 68% | 780 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,354 bar | 60% | 770 m/s | 95.2% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,027 bar | 78% | 812 m/s | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,586 bar | 66% | 768 m/s | 96.9% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,166 bar | 81% | 815 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,187 bar | 82% | 812 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,754 bar | 71% | 820 m/s | 97.4% |
| Alliant Power Pro Varmint | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,062 bar | 79% | 816 m/s | 99.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,549 bar | 65% | 774 m/s | 98.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,730 bar | 70% | 792 m/s | 97.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,387 bar | 61% | 774 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 26.9 gr | 1.74 g | 80% | 2,206 bar | 57% | 762 m/s | 96.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-23 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,204 bar | 57% | 762 m/s | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-26 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,573 bar | 66% | 818 m/s | 95.6% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,987 bar | 77% | 814 m/s | 98% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,520 bar | 65% | 775 m/s | 98.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,284 bar | 84% | 812 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,096 bar | 79% | 822 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,587 bar | 66% | 775 m/s | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon H414 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,102 bar | 80% | 836 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,052 bar | 78% | 815 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,052 bar | 53% | 727 m/s | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,790 bar | 72% | 807 m/s | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon Superformance | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,138 bar | 80% | 843 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,803 bar | 46% | 475 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,923 bar | 75% | 801 m/s | 99% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,042 bar | 78% | 816 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,714 bar | 70% | 778 m/s | 97.6% |
| IMR 4166 Enduron | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,063 bar | 79% | 799 m/s | 95.2% |
| IMR 4451 Enduron | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,052 bar | 78% | 806 m/s | 95.1% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,304 bar | 59% | 759 m/s | 95% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,798 bar | 72% | 801 m/s | 98.4% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,166 bar | 81% | 815 m/s | 99.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,970 bar | 76% | 807 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,031 bar | 78% | 794 m/s | 98.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,691 bar | 69% | 778 m/s | 99% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,663 bar | 68% | 775 m/s | 95.1% |
| Lovex S070 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,047 bar | 78% | 814 m/s | 95.5% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,981 bar | 76% | 800 m/s | 99.5% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,988 bar | 77% | 802 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,688 bar | 69% | 789 m/s | 98% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,382 bar | 61% | 771 m/s | 95.2% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,664 bar | 68% | 793 m/s | 97.8% |
| Ramshot Hunter | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,844 bar | 73% | 815 m/s | 95.4% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,162 bar | 81% | 815 m/s | 97.3% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,142 bar | 81% | 823 m/s | 99.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,834 bar | 47% | 488 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 50 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,985 bar | 77% | 803 m/s | 95.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,884 bar | 74% | 824 m/s | 98.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 26.9 gr | 1.74 g | 80% | 2,350 bar | 60% | 783 m/s | 99.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,515 bar | 64% | 792 m/s | 95.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | 30.7 gr | 1.99 g | 90% | 2,718 bar | 70% | 813 m/s | 95.8% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,228 bar | 83% | 811 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,825 bar | 72% | 784 m/s | 99.3% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,361 bar | 61% | 757 m/s | 97.4% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,663 bar | 68% | 775 m/s | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,970 bar | 76% | 807 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,691 bar | 69% | 778 m/s | 99% |
| Shooters World SW4350 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,047 bar | 78% | 814 m/s | 95.5% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,448 bar | 63% | 773 m/s | 96.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,056 bar | 78% | 808 m/s | 97.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,940 bar | 75% | 804 m/s | 98.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,055 bar | 78% | 785 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,537 bar | 65% | 744 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 7000 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,005 bar | 77% | 790 m/s | 95.1% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,050 bar | 78% | 787 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,040 bar | 78% | 808 m/s | 98.9% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,441 bar | 63% | 761 m/s | 97.5% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 82% | 1,876 bar | 48% | 722 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,075 bar | 79% | 783 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,774 bar | 71% | 779 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,815 bar | 72% | 781 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,301 bar | 59% | 740 m/s | 98.2% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,491 bar | 64% | 771 m/s | 95.7% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,181 bar | 82% | 814 m/s | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,734 bar | 70% | 779 m/s | 99.9% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,453 bar | 63% | 772 m/s | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N555 | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,210 bar | 57% | 767 m/s | 95.1% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,062 bar | 53% | 717 m/s | 95.4% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,146 bar | 81% | 827 m/s | 100% |
| Winchester 760 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,134 bar | 80% | 838 m/s | 95.7% |
| Winchester StaBALL HD | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,068 bar | 53% | 765 m/s | 95.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,888 bar | 74% | 804 m/s | 99% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 109 Pulver für das Kaliber .225 Win. mit dem Geschoss .224 | 85gr | Barnes Match Burner. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 60 mit 886 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 532 m/s und 886 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 3100 mit 100 %, und 109 der 109 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (390 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 58 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 85,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.224" wird ein Drall von 1:8.5 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 3100, Accurate High Country, ADI AR 2209 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen ReloadSwiss RS 70, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17: Diese Pulver verbinden für .225 Win. mit .224 | 85gr | Barnes Match Burner einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Als Ausreißer verbrennen Accurate High Country, ADI AR 2209, Alliant Reloder-19 unvollständig und reagieren empfindlicher auf Lauflänge und Temperatur. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.