Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .224 Weath. Mag. mit Geschoss .224 | 60gr | Rhino Solid Shank und 85 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R und Hodgdon H4895.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,829 bar | 87% | 977 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,819 bar | 87% | 1000 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,896 bar | 89% | 1029 m/s | 96.7% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,961 bar | 90% | 1032 m/s | 97.3% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,753 bar | 85% | 1005 m/s | 99.7% |
| Accurate 2495ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,804 bar | 86% | 1014 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,813 bar | 87% | 1021 m/s | 99.6% |
| Accurate 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,521 bar | 80% | 1006 m/s | 99.7% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,911 bar | 89% | 987 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,941 bar | 90% | 994 m/s | 99.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,749 bar | 85% | 1019 m/s | 97.3% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,967 bar | 90% | 999 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,607 bar | 82% | 997 m/s | 96.1% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,894 bar | 89% | 1025 m/s | 100% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1024 m/s | 98.8% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,849 bar | 87% | 1025 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,781 bar | 86% | 1044 m/s | 98% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,752 bar | 85% | 1048 m/s | 96.1% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,499 bar | 80% | 1003 m/s | 97.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,813 bar | 87% | 1006 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,807 bar | 87% | 1028 m/s | 96.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,825 bar | 87% | 988 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,835 bar | 87% | 981 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,774 bar | 86% | 1022 m/s | 96.2% |
| Bofors RP3ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,479 bar | 79% | 1004 m/s | 97.6% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,891 bar | 88% | 1005 m/s | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,875 bar | 88% | 1034 m/s | 99.1% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,747 bar | 85% | 1044 m/s | 96.7% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,775 bar | 86% | 1016 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,885 bar | 88% | 1024 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,779 bar | 86% | 986 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,775 bar | 86% | 1023 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolutionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,925 bar | 89% | 1049 m/s | 98.7% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,318 bar | 53% | 625 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,926 bar | 89% | 1027 m/s | 98.1% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,909 bar | 89% | 1043 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,796 bar | 86% | 1010 m/s | 96.9% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,866 bar | 88% | 996 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,898 bar | 89% | 1041 m/s | 97.8% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1024 m/s | 98.8% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,722 bar | 85% | 1008 m/s | 99.3% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,741 bar | 85% | 1004 m/s | 99% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,912 bar | 89% | 1031 m/s | 99.7% |
| Lovex S053 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,901 bar | 89% | 964 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,817 bar | 87% | 998 m/s | 97.4% |
| Lovex S062ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,702 bar | 84% | 1009 m/s | 98.4% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,837 bar | 87% | 1000 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,909 bar | 89% | 1021 m/s | 98.8% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,938 bar | 90% | 1027 m/s | 99.9% |
| Norma 203Bᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,739 bar | 85% | 1024 m/s | 97.3% |
| Ramshot Big Gameᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,811 bar | 87% | 1032 m/s | 97.2% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,960 bar | 90% | 1034 m/s | 97.8% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,859 bar | 88% | 1007 m/s | 97.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,324 bar | 53% | 639 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,963 bar | 90% | 1025 m/s | 99.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,775 bar | 86% | 1050 m/s | 96.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,350 bar | 76% | 1019 m/s | 98.7% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,959 bar | 90% | 1020 m/s | 99.8% |
| Rottweil R 902ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,934 bar | 89% | 1019 m/s | 98.8% |
| Rottweil R 903ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,252 bar | 74% | 982 m/s | 96.5% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,722 bar | 85% | 1008 m/s | 99.3% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,912 bar | 89% | 1031 m/s | 99.7% |
| Shooters World Precisionᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,702 bar | 84% | 1009 m/s | 98.4% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,753 bar | 85% | 995 m/s | 98% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,926 bar | 89% | 911 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,932 bar | 89% | 1026 m/s | 99.9% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,398 bar | 77% | 1001 m/s | 96% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,898 bar | 89% | 1014 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,910 bar | 89% | 1027 m/s | 97.7% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,867 bar | 88% | 993 m/s | 99.8% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,574 bar | 81% | 972 m/s | 99.9% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,842 bar | 87% | 1021 m/s | 98.8% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,778 bar | 86% | 991 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,871 bar | 88% | 1016 m/s | 97.4% |
| Somchem S355ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,315 bar | 75% | 983 m/s | 96.5% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,957 bar | 90% | 980 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,843 bar | 87% | 988 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,832 bar | 87% | 990 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,806 bar | 87% | 1014 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,980 bar | 90% | 1019 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,220 bar | 73% | 964 m/s | 97.6% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,774 bar | 86% | 1008 m/s | 98.5% |
| Vihtavuori N540ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,853 bar | 88% | 1015 m/s | 99.8% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,957 bar | 90% | 1042 m/s | 99.4% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,891 bar | 88% | 1031 m/s | 98.2% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 1680 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,605 bar | 82% | 961 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,461 bar | 56% | 883 m/s | 98.9% |
| Accurate 2200 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,404 bar | 77% | 988 m/s | 95.1% |
| Accurate 2230 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,413 bar | 78% | 988 m/s | 95.6% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,643 bar | 60% | 908 m/s | 97.1% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,933 bar | 44% | 836 m/s | 96.9% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,323 bar | 53% | 883 m/s | 95% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,100 bar | 48% | 862 m/s | 95.1% |
| Accurate LT-30 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,038 bar | 69% | 918 m/s | 99.3% |
| Accurate LT-32 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,062 bar | 70% | 922 m/s | 98.1% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,100 bar | 70% | 962 m/s | 95.1% |
| ADI AR 2207 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,288 bar | 75% | 951 m/s | 100% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,396 bar | 77% | 980 m/s | 95.3% |
| ADI AR 2219 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,962 bar | 67% | 950 m/s | 99.1% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,903 bar | 66% | 935 m/s | 95.7% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,244 bar | 51% | 887 m/s | 99.8% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | 26.6 gr | 1.72 g | 84% | 3,097 bar | 70% | 983 m/s | 95.8% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,494 bar | 79% | 1025 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,872 bar | 65% | 947 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,791 bar | 63% | 923 m/s | 99.9% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,334 bar | 76% | 989 m/s | 95.4% |
| Alliant Reloder-7 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,353 bar | 76% | 954 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,967 bar | 67% | 914 m/s | 99.4% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,523 bar | 80% | 1001 m/s | 95.3% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,840 bar | 65% | 946 m/s | 95.3% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,707 bar | 62% | 901 m/s | 95.6% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,730 bar | 62% | 934 m/s | 95.8% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | 31.1 gr | 2.02 g | 90% | 3,487 bar | 79% | 1022 m/s | 95.9% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,692 bar | 61% | 923 m/s | 98.4% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,749 bar | 62% | 927 m/s | 97.7% |
| Hodgdon H4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,345 bar | 76% | 952 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | 27.9 gr | 1.81 g | 88% | 2,934 bar | 67% | 949 m/s | 95.1% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,016 bar | 69% | 971 m/s | 95.9% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,697 bar | 39% | 558 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,020 bar | 69% | 950 m/s | 95.3% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,151 bar | 49% | 878 m/s | 96.9% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,327 bar | 76% | 972 m/s | 95.4% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,853 bar | 65% | 917 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,212 bar | 73% | 983 m/s | 95.7% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,903 bar | 66% | 935 m/s | 95.7% |
| Lovex D073.4 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,244 bar | 74% | 969 m/s | 98.4% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,636 bar | 60% | 907 m/s | 95.7% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,400 bar | 55% | 896 m/s | 95.4% |
| Lovex S053 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,669 bar | 83% | 948 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,199 bar | 73% | 947 m/s | 95.5% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,729 bar | 62% | 921 m/s | 95.1% |
| Norma 200 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,162 bar | 72% | 949 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,850 bar | 65% | 930 m/s | 95.6% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,184 bar | 50% | 862 m/s | 95% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,080 bar | 70% | 967 m/s | 95.1% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,307 bar | 75% | 990 m/s | 95.6% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,243 bar | 74% | 976 m/s | 95.6% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,179 bar | 72% | 951 m/s | 95.2% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,711 bar | 39% | 572 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,694 bar | 61% | 914 m/s | 96.4% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,291 bar | 75% | 1008 m/s | 95.1% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,740 bar | 62% | 955 m/s | 96.1% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,450 bar | 56% | 883 m/s | 96.1% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,868 bar | 65% | 928 m/s | 95.7% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,019 bar | 69% | 961 m/s | 95.7% |
| Shooters World AR Plus | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,244 bar | 74% | 969 m/s | 98.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,400 bar | 55% | 896 m/s | 95.4% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,729 bar | 62% | 921 m/s | 95.1% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,843 bar | 65% | 916 m/s | 95% |
| SNPE Vectan BA6 1/2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,343 bar | 76% | 873 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 10 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,001 bar | 68% | 950 m/s | 98.4% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,202 bar | 73% | 983 m/s | 95.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,838 bar | 65% | 927 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,204 bar | 73% | 969 m/s | 95.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,339 bar | 53% | 855 m/s | 95.8% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,020 bar | 46% | 821 m/s | 95.3% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,730 bar | 62% | 923 m/s | 95.4% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,294 bar | 52% | 855 m/s | 96.6% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,123 bar | 71% | 956 m/s | 95% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,930 bar | 67% | 948 m/s | 95% |
| Vihtavuori N120 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,284 bar | 75% | 935 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,663 bar | 61% | 892 m/s | 99.7% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,330 bar | 53% | 860 m/s | 98.4% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,988 bar | 45% | 842 m/s | 97.1% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,208 bar | 50% | 858 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,634 bar | 60% | 908 m/s | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 86% | 2,909 bar | 66% | 934 m/s | 95.9% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,274 bar | 52% | 870 m/s | 95.4% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,617 bar | 59% | 924 m/s | 95.5% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,952 bar | 67% | 951 m/s | 95.2% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 85 Pulver für das Kaliber .224 Weath. Mag. mit dem Geschoss .224 | 60gr | Rhino Solid Shank. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 52 mit 1.050 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 625 m/s und 1.050 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 2495 mit 100 %, und 85 der 85 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (440 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 53 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 60,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.224" wird ein Drall von 1:12.0 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 2495, Accurate 4064, ADI AR 2208 erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Hodgdon CFE223, Alliant Power Pro 1200-R, Hodgdon H4895: Diese Pulver verbinden für .224 Weath. Mag. mit .224 | 60gr | Rhino Solid Shank einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.