Ladedaten-Spezifikationen
Ladedaten für Kaliber .220 Swift mit Geschoss .224 | 65gr | Reichenberg HDB Universal und 86 Pulvers. Die wichtigsten zugrunde liegenden Parameter sind in der obigen Tabelle dargestellt. Die empfohlenen Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination sind Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60 und Alliant Reloder-17.
Wichtiger Hinweis: Gehen Sie NICHT unter die Mindestladung oder über die Maximalladung. Da wir keine Kontrolle über die verwendete Ausrüstung und Komponenten haben, wird jegliche Verantwortung und Haftung für die erzielten Ergebnisse abgelehnt.
Es werden nur Pulver/Ladungen angezeigt, die den aktuellen Filterkriterien entsprechen: Maximaldruck einer Ladung ≤ 90% des standardisierten Maximaldrucks, Ladedichte ≥ 80% und Pulverabbrand ≥ 95%. Verwenden Sie die Schieberegler oberhalb der Tabellen, um diese Schwellenwerte anzupassen.
Ladung: Pulvergewicht in Grain. Beginnen Sie mit der Mindestladung und steigern Sie diese vorsichtig.
FR (Ladedichte): Hülsenfüllung in Prozent. Werte über 100% bedeuten komprimierte Ladungen.
MaxP / %: Maximaler Kammerdruck in bar sowie als Prozentsatz des standardisierten Maximums für dieses Kaliber.
V(0): Mündungsgeschwindigkeit in Fuß pro Sekunde (fps) bei standardisierter Lauflänge.
z (Pulverabbrand): Geschätzter Pulverabbrand in Prozent beim Austritt des Geschosses.
Für die Verwendung des personalisierten Ladungsrechners ist eine gültige Zugriffslizenz erforderlich.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in unseren FAQ: Wie kann ich den personalisierten Ladungsrechner verwenden?
Maximallast - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,771 bar | 88% | 1013 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,660 bar | 85% | 1018 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,882 bar | 90% | 1034 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,795 bar | 88% | 1040 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,880 bar | 90% | 1049 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 4350ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,617 bar | 84% | 1050 m/s | 97.7% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,726 bar | 87% | 1041 m/s | 98.9% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,773 bar | 88% | 1038 m/s | 98.5% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,659 bar | 85% | 1026 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,677 bar | 86% | 1023 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,757 bar | 87% | 1063 m/s | 99.3% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,662 bar | 85% | 1075 m/s | 98.3% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,757 bar | 87% | 1047 m/s | 99.5% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,752 bar | 87% | 1016 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,801 bar | 88% | 1053 m/s | 98.7% |
| Alliant Reloder-16ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,483 bar | 81% | 1048 m/s | 97.6% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,829 bar | 89% | 1088 m/s | 99.6% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,878 bar | 90% | 1005 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,703 bar | 86% | 1043 m/s | 98.1% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,800 bar | 88% | 1052 m/s | 99.6% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,797 bar | 88% | 1023 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,839 bar | 89% | 1053 m/s | 99.9% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,722 bar | 87% | 1067 m/s | 98.6% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,696 bar | 86% | 1028 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,763 bar | 88% | 1035 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,885 bar | 90% | 1055 m/s | 97.9% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,760 bar | 87% | 1046 m/s | 99.3% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100Vᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,232 bar | 75% | 1007 m/s | 98.2% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,682 bar | 86% | 1054 m/s | 99.5% |
| Hodgdon TrailBossᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,407 bar | 56% | 648 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,833 bar | 89% | 1046 m/s | 99.4% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,719 bar | 86% | 1044 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,755 bar | 87% | 1035 m/s | 98.7% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,758 bar | 87% | 1003 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4831ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,415 bar | 79% | 1026 m/s | 97.2% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,652 bar | 85% | 1045 m/s | 98.9% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,659 bar | 85% | 1026 m/s | 99.5% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,645 bar | 85% | 1020 m/s | 99.8% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,670 bar | 85% | 1034 m/s | 100% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,696 bar | 86% | 1016 m/s | 98.9% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,710 bar | 86% | 1033 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,658 bar | 85% | 1026 m/s | 96.4% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,869 bar | 90% | 1042 m/s | 99.8% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,662 bar | 85% | 1026 m/s | 100% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,743 bar | 87% | 1049 m/s | 99% |
| Norma URPᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,545 bar | 82% | 1044 m/s | 97.4% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,798 bar | 88% | 1058 m/s | 99% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,679 bar | 86% | 1026 m/s | 96.7% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,884 bar | 90% | 1054 m/s | 99.2% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,724 bar | 87% | 1024 m/s | 98.8% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 2,444 bar | 57% | 664 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,850 bar | 90% | 1039 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,829 bar | 89% | 1078 m/s | 98.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,793 bar | 88% | 1089 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,570 bar | 83% | 1054 m/s | 97.3% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,604 bar | 84% | 1061 m/s | 96.8% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,704 bar | 86% | 1021 m/s | 100% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,880 bar | 90% | 1040 m/s | 99.8% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,789 bar | 88% | 1048 m/s | 99.4% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,658 bar | 85% | 1026 m/s | 96.4% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,670 bar | 85% | 1034 m/s | 100% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,710 bar | 86% | 1033 m/s | 99.6% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,841 bar | 89% | 1027 m/s | 99.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,660 bar | 85% | 1049 m/s | 98.8% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,789 bar | 88% | 1023 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,822 bar | 89% | 1039 m/s | 97.6% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,849 bar | 90% | 1049 m/s | 99.1% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,757 bar | 87% | 1007 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,747 bar | 87% | 1005 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,737 bar | 87% | 1036 m/s | 99.7% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,696 bar | 86% | 1005 m/s | 100% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,780 bar | 88% | 1037 m/s | 99% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,818 bar | 89% | 1048 m/s | 99.4% |
| Somchem S365ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,161 bar | 74% | 1024 m/s | 99.2% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 84% | 3,733 bar | 87% | 997 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,763 bar | 88% | 1003 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,861 bar | 90% | 1032 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,707 bar | 86% | 1020 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,685 bar | 86% | 1025 m/s | 99.8% |
| Vihtavuori N160ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,752 bar | 87% | 1047 m/s | 97.9% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,673 bar | 85% | 1024 m/s | 99.6% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 92% | 3,809 bar | 89% | 1033 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N550ᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,670 bar | 85% | 1046 m/s | 97.5% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALLᴾ | <<locked>> | 100% | 3,825 bar | 89% | 1043 m/s | 99.6% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 86% | 3,643 bar | 85% | 1040 m/s | 99.9% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 90% | 3,848 bar | 89% | 1052 m/s | 99.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
Startladung - Lauflänge: 61.0 cm
| Pulver | Ladung | FR | MaxP | % | V(0) | z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accurate 2015 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,116 bar | 72% | 960 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2460 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,427 bar | 80% | 999 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2495 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,613 bar | 61% | 925 m/s | 100% |
| Accurate 2520 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,082 bar | 72% | 979 m/s | 99.5% |
| Accurate 4064 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,471 bar | 57% | 917 m/s | 98.7% |
| Accurate 4350 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,912 bar | 68% | 983 m/s | 95.1% |
| ADI AR 2206H | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,875 bar | 67% | 959 m/s | 96.5% |
| ADI AR 2208 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,772 bar | 64% | 941 m/s | 95.2% |
| ADI Benchmark 8208 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,016 bar | 70% | 966 m/s | 98.2% |
| Alliant AR-Comp | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,000 bar | 70% | 970 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Power Pro 1200-R | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,510 bar | 82% | 1041 m/s | 98.9% |
| Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR | 35.1 gr | 2.27 g | 84% | 2,980 bar | 69% | 1005 m/s | 95.7% |
| Alliant Reloder- TS 15.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,404 bar | 56% | 909 m/s | 95.2% |
| Alliant Reloder-10x | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,511 bar | 82% | 997 m/s | 100% |
| Alliant Reloder-15 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,766 bar | 64% | 953 m/s | 95.3% |
| Alliant Reloder-16 | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,888 bar | 67% | 986 m/s | 95.1% |
| Alliant Reloder-17 | 35.4 gr | 2.29 g | 86% | 2,537 bar | 59% | 952 m/s | 95% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 106 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,647 bar | 85% | 988 m/s | 100% |
| Baschieri & Pellagri 107 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,005 bar | 70% | 977 m/s | 95.7% |
| Bofors RP3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,378 bar | 55% | 910 m/s | 95.2% |
| Hodgdon Benchmark | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,140 bar | 73% | 966 m/s | 99% |
| Hodgdon BL-C2 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,930 bar | 68% | 971 m/s | 98.4% |
| Hodgdon CFE223 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,199 bar | 74% | 1019 m/s | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon H322 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,457 bar | 80% | 1009 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,526 bar | 82% | 1016 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon H380 | <<locked>> | 88% | 3,184 bar | 74% | 992 m/s | 95.7% |
| Hodgdon H4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,897 bar | 67% | 964 m/s | 97.1% |
| Hodgdon Hybrid 100V | <<locked>> | 92% | 2,491 bar | 58% | 927 m/s | 95% |
| Hodgdon LEVERevolution | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,619 bar | 61% | 948 m/s | 96.4% |
| Hodgdon TrailBoss | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,798 bar | 42% | 580 m/s | 100% |
| Hodgdon VARGET | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,788 bar | 65% | 947 m/s | 96.6% |
| IMR 3031 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,863 bar | 67% | 969 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4064 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,745 bar | 64% | 937 m/s | 95.4% |
| IMR 4198 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,543 bar | 82% | 987 m/s | 100% |
| IMR 4831 | <<locked>> | 96% | 2,980 bar | 69% | 984 m/s | 95.6% |
| IMR 4895 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,646 bar | 62% | 943 m/s | 95.5% |
| IMR 8208 XBR | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,016 bar | 70% | 966 m/s | 98.2% |
| Lovex D073.5 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,414 bar | 79% | 1000 m/s | 99.6% |
| Lovex D073.6 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,805 bar | 65% | 955 m/s | 98.9% |
| Lovex S060 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,911 bar | 68% | 942 m/s | 96.7% |
| Lovex S062 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,563 bar | 60% | 919 m/s | 96.6% |
| Lovex S065 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,458 bar | 80% | 1008 m/s | 95.8% |
| Norma 201 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,815 bar | 65% | 944 m/s | 97.6% |
| Norma 202 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,834 bar | 66% | 950 m/s | 99.4% |
| Norma 203B | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,719 bar | 63% | 949 m/s | 95.8% |
| Norma URP | <<locked>> | 94% | 2,917 bar | 68% | 983 m/s | 95% |
| Ramshot Big Game | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,690 bar | 63% | 952 m/s | 95.4% |
| Ramshot TAC | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,221 bar | 75% | 984 m/s | 95.1% |
| Ramshot Wild Boar | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,980 bar | 69% | 972 m/s | 96.8% |
| Ramshot X-Terminator | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,261 bar | 76% | 983 m/s | 97.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 14 | <<locked>> | 80% | 1,815 bar | 42% | 594 m/s | 100% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 40 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,380 bar | 79% | 1000 m/s | 99.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 52 | <<locked>> | 82% | 2,875 bar | 67% | 987 m/s | 95.7% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 60 | 32.9 gr | 2.13 g | 80% | 2,204 bar | 51% | 909 m/s | 95.5% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 62 | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,111 bar | 72% | 1011 m/s | 95.6% |
| ReloadSwiss RS 70 | <<locked>> | 98% | 3,375 bar | 78% | 1040 m/s | 95.9% |
| Rottweil R 901 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,075 bar | 72% | 965 m/s | 99.6% |
| Rottweil R 902 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,685 bar | 62% | 927 m/s | 97.1% |
| Rottweil R 903 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,539 bar | 59% | 927 m/s | 95.7% |
| Shooters World Long Rifle | <<locked>> | 96% | 3,458 bar | 80% | 1008 m/s | 95.8% |
| Shooters World Match Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,805 bar | 65% | 955 m/s | 98.9% |
| Shooters World Precision | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,563 bar | 60% | 919 m/s | 96.6% |
| Shooters World Tactical Rifle | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,596 bar | 84% | 1008 m/s | 99.3% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 11 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,636 bar | 61% | 947 m/s | 95.2% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 3 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,571 bar | 83% | 1006 m/s | 100% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 7 | <<locked>> | 82% | 3,085 bar | 72% | 972 m/s | 95.1% |
| SNPE Vectan SP 9 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,769 bar | 64% | 946 m/s | 96% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 3000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,920 bar | 68% | 935 m/s | 99.5% |
| SNPE Vectan Tubal 5000 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,414 bar | 56% | 883 m/s | 99% |
| Somchem S321 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,260 bar | 76% | 995 m/s | 99% |
| Somchem S335 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,886 bar | 67% | 934 m/s | 99.8% |
| Somchem S341 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,867 bar | 67% | 953 m/s | 96.3% |
| Somchem S355 | <<locked>> | 84% | 2,618 bar | 61% | 932 m/s | 95.9% |
| Somchem S365 | <<locked>> | 90% | 2,279 bar | 53% | 919 m/s | 95.3% |
| Vihtavuori N130 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,304 bar | 77% | 963 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N133 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,934 bar | 68% | 936 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N135 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,625 bar | 61% | 926 m/s | 100% |
| Vihtavuori N140 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,688 bar | 63% | 927 m/s | 99.3% |
| Vihtavuori N150 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,185 bar | 51% | 871 m/s | 95.1% |
| Vihtavuori N160 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,061 bar | 71% | 986 m/s | 95.6% |
| Vihtavuori N530 | <<locked>> | 80% | 3,033 bar | 71% | 967 m/s | 98.3% |
| Vihtavuori N540 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,586 bar | 60% | 920 m/s | 98.6% |
| Vihtavuori N550 | <<locked>> | 94% | 3,014 bar | 70% | 984 m/s | 95.2% |
| Winchester 6.5 StaBALL | <<locked>> | 88% | 2,545 bar | 59% | 918 m/s | 95.5% |
| Winchester 748 | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,980 bar | 69% | 980 m/s | 98.8% |
| Winchester StaBALL Match | <<locked>> | 80% | 2,729 bar | 63% | 947 m/s | 96.5% |
Empfohlen = eines der besten Pulver für diese Patronen-Geschoss-Kombination.
ᴾ mögliche Presslast - steigern Sie sich langsam zu dieser Ladung und achten Sie dabei auf Anzeichen von übermäßigem Druck.
<<locked>> Sie benötigen eine Zugangslizenz, um diese Daten freizuschalten.
Diese Übersicht vergleicht 86 Pulver für das Kaliber .220 Swift mit dem Geschoss .224 | 65gr | Reichenberg HDB Universal. Die höchste Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht ReloadSwiss RS 60 mit 1.089 m/s; über alle Pulver hinweg liegt das Fenster zwischen 648 m/s und 1.089 m/s bei Maximallast. Den besten Hülsenfüllgrad liefert Accurate 4350 mit 100 %, und 86 der 86 Pulver liegen im gut nutzbaren Bereich von 80 bis 100 %.
Bezogen auf den zulässigen Höchstdruck des Kalibers (430 MPa) nutzen die Maximallasten 56 bis 90 % aus — es bleiben also mindestens 10 % Reserve. Für das 65,0 gr schwere Geschoss im Kaliber 0.224" wird ein Drall von 1:9.5 empfohlen — langsamere Dralle stabilisieren dieses Gewicht in der Regel nicht. Accurate 4350, Alliant Reloder-16, Hodgdon Hybrid 100V erreichen bei Maximallast 100 % Füllgrad oder mehr — diese Ladungen sind komprimiert, lassen sich nur mit langem Trichter oder Schüttfülltrichter sauber einfüllen und reagieren empfindlich auf die Hülsenkapazität deiner Charge. Ganz oben stehen Alliant Power Pro 2000-MR, ReloadSwiss RS 60, Alliant Reloder-17: Diese Pulver verbinden für .220 Swift mit .224 | 65gr | Reichenberg HDB Universal einen hohen Füllgrad mit vollständigem Abbrand und liegen bei der Mündungsgeschwindigkeit im oberen Feld. Beginne immer bei der Startlast und arbeite dich in kleinen Schritten nach oben, während du Hülse und Zünder auf Druckzeichen prüfst.